The Influence of Lung Microbiota on Lung Carcinogenesis, Immunity, and Immunotherapy

Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel; Isla, Dolores; Artal, A.; Arias, Maykel; Rezusta, Antonio; Pardo, Julián; Gálvez, Eva M.

doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2019.12.007

Cited by 149 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Analysis of the microbiome taxonomic composition in the lung tissue samples revealed the presence of 10 phyla ( Figure 1 and Table S1) and 280 genera ( Figure 2 and Table S2). Among the top phyla by relative abundance we found Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria, which have been described previously [2]. There were no significant differences in the relative abundance of the microorganisms at the phylum level between tumor and adjacent normal tissues (Figure 1).…”

Section: Characterization Of Lung Bacterial Communitiessupporting

confidence: 72%

Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Ковалева¹,

Podlesnaya²,

Рашидова³

et al. 2020

Biomedicines

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The link between a lung tumor and the lung microbiome is a largely unexplored issue. To investigate the relationship between a lung microbiome and the phenotype of an inflammatory stromal infiltrate, we studied a cohort of 89 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The microbiome was analyzed in tumor and adjacent normal tissue by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Characterization of the tumor stroma was done using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated that the bacterial load was higher in adjacent normal tissue than in a tumor (p = 0.0325) with similar patterns of taxonomic structure and alpha diversity. Lung adenocarcinomas did not differ in their alpha diversity from squamous cell carcinomas, although the content of Gram-positive bacteria increased significantly in the adenocarcinoma group (p = 0.0419). An analysis of an inflammatory infiltrate of tumor stroma showed a correlation of CD68, iNOS and FOXP3 with a histological type of tumor. For the first time we showed that high bacterial load in the tumor combined with increased iNOS expression is a favorable prognostic factor (HR = 0.1824; p = 0.0123), while high bacterial load combined with the increased number of FOXP3+ cells is a marker of poor prognosis (HR = 4.651; p = 0.0116). Thus, we established that bacterial load of the tumor has an opposite prognostic value depending on the status of local antitumor immunity.

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Section: Characterization Of Lung Bacterial Communitiessupporting

confidence: 72%

Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Ковалева¹,

Podlesnaya²,

Рашидова³

et al. 2020

Biomedicines

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“…A significant role for microbiota is also recognized in lung cancer (LC), another smoking-related lung disease [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Evaluation of cancer tissue and/or tumor free tissue in LC patients showed characteristic patterns of microbiota including a shift to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria [ 9 , 11 ] and/or Firmicutes [ 8 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissimilarity of Airway and Lung Tissue Microbiota in Smokers Undergoing Surgery for Lung Cancer

et al. 2020

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Human airways are continuously colonized by microaspiration of microbiota. Less is known about the presence, origin and composition of microbiota in the lung parenchyma. In a study of 13 patients undergoing surgery for peripheral lung cancer microbiota composition was comparatively evaluated in upper airway, lower airway and lung tissue samples using 16S rDNA analysis. Bacterial density decreased stepwise from upper to lower airways and tissue. On a taxonomic level upper and lower airway microbiota were similar whereas lung tissue showed marked dissimilarities compared to lower airways that may reflect different environmental conditions shaping local microbiota and host immunity.

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“…Everything that disturbs this balance, such as some medications and particularly antibiotics, increases in nutrients (high fat diet, low fiber diet), cigarette smoke, infectious agents, chronic inflammation, can disturb the gut as well as the lung microbiota and lead to a state of dysbiosis, characterized by an increased number of airway bacteria and a change in its composition. The dysbiosis is profoundly linked to several severe lung diseases [asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections, cancer] (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Nk Cells In the Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway Natural Killer Cells and Bacteria in Health and Disease

2020

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Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity and mostly studied for their important roles in viral infections and malignant tumors. They can kill diseased cells and produce cytokines and chemokines, thereby shaping the adaptive immune response. Nowadays, NK cells are considered as a strong weapon for cancer immunotherapy and can for example be transduced to express tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptors or harnessed with therapeutic antibodies such as the so-called NK engagers. Whereas a large body of literature exists about the antiviral and antitumoral properties of NK cells, their potential role in bacterial infections is not that well delineated. Furthermore, NK cells are much more heterogeneous than previously thought and have tissue-characteristic features and phenotypes. This review gives an overview of airway NK cells and their position within the immunological army dressed against bacterial infections in the upper and predominantly the lower respiratory tracts. Whereas it appears that in several infections, NK cells play a non-redundant and protective role, they can likewise act as rather detrimental. The use of mouse models and the difficulty of access to human airway tissues for ethical reasons might partly explain the divergent results. However, new methods are appearing that are likely to reduce the heterogeneity between studies and to give a more coherent picture in this field.

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The Influence of Lung Microbiota on Lung Carcinogenesis, Immunity, and Immunotherapy

Abstract: Lungs are no longer considered sterile and their microbiota are associated with lung wellness.

Cited by 149 publications

References 96 publications

Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Dissimilarity of Airway and Lung Tissue Microbiota in Smokers Undergoing Surgery for Lung Cancer

Airway Natural Killer Cells and Bacteria in Health and Disease

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