The Influence of Maternal Parenting Style on the Neural Correlates of Emotion Processing in Children

Pozzi, Elena; Simmons, Julian G; Bousman, Chad; Vijayakumar, Nandita; Bray, Katherine O.; Dandash, Orwa; Richmond, Sally; Schwartz, Orli; Seal, Marc L.; Sheeber, Lisa; Yap, Marie Bee Hui; Allen, Nicholas; Whittle, Sarah

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2019.01.018

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…While we previously interpreted our local efficiency findings as reflecting accelerated brain maturation in children experiencing poor parenting, combined with the current results, it is possible that these atypical network properties indicate disrupted neurodevelopment and may impact critical neural functions, such as emotion regulation and cognitive control thereby placing individuals at risk of mental disorders. Parenting behaviors may shape the neural underpinnings of emotion processing in children (Gee, 2016; Pozzi et al, 2019). The same parenting dimensions as used in the current article have been linked to alterations in the neural function underlying emotion regulation (Pozzi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

Richmond

Beare

Johnson

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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A substantial body of knowledge suggests that exposure to adverse family environments – including violence and neglect – influences many aspects of brain development. Relatively less attention has been directed toward the influence of “normative” differences in parenting behaviors. Given the rapid brain reorganization during late childhood, parenting behaviors are particularly likely to impact the structure of the brain during this time. This study investigated associations between maternal parenting behaviors and the organization of structural brain networks in late childhood, as measured by structural covariance. One hundred and forty‐five typically developing 8‐year‐olds and their mothers completed questionnaire measures and two observed interaction tasks; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from the children. Measures of maternal negative, positive, and communicative behavior were derived from the interaction tasks. Structural covariance networks based on partial correlations between cortical thickness estimates were constructed and estimates of modularity were obtained using graph theoretical analysis. High levels of negative maternal behavior were associated with low modularity. Minimal support was found for an association between positive maternal behaviors and modularity and between maternal communicative behaviors and modularity. Our findings suggest that variation in negative maternal behavior is associated with the structural organization of brain networks in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

Richmond

Beare

Johnson

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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“…The role of parenting style behaviors on children's emotional and behavioral problems is widely cited in the literature (Rinaldi and Howe, 2012;Braza et al, 2015). In particular, maternal verbal hostility has been shown to be responsible for children's negative emotional arousal and internalizing symptoms (Smarius et al, 2019;Pozzi et al, 2020), and parental verbal aggression (i.e., yelling and bursts of rage) has been found to be associated with depression and anxiety symptoms in children and preadolescents (Möller et al, 2016). Furthermore, although parenting style tends to be relatively stable, some parenting style behaviors can be heightened or triggered by parents' compromised psychological well-being (Tavassolie et al, 2016), especially during stressful situations (Miki et al, 2019) such as the COVID-19 lockdown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Parent Psychological Distress on Child Hyperactivity/Inattention During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Testing the Mediation of Parent Verbal Hostility and Child Emotional Symptoms

et al. 2020

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) health crisis is strongly affecting the psychological well-being of the general population. According to a very recent literature, the imposed lockdown and social distancing measures have generated a series of negative outcomes, including fear of the future, anxiety, and somatization symptoms. Few studies have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of parents and children, and still fewer studies have assessed the relationship between the psychological health of parents and children. The present study aimed at understanding the effect of parents’ psychological distress and verbal aggression on behavioral and emotional symptoms of children during the COVID-19 lockdown. Using an online survey administered in the first weeks of the lockdown in Italy, we explored the mediating effects of parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms on the relationship between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention in a sample of 878 Italian parents (87.4% mothers; meanage = 40.58). Two hypotheses were proposed: (1) parent distress would significantly predict child hyperactivity/inattention, and (2) parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms would mediate the association between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention. The serial mediated model confirmed both hypotheses, suggesting that higher rates of psychological distress in parents were associated with higher levels of hyperactivity/inattention in children. Parent verbal hostility and child emotional problems were also found to positively mediate this relation. Our results may be used to improve sociopsychological interventions in the general population in the near future. They may also contribute to the clinical definition of therapeutic paths for parents and families.

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“…Nevertheless, studies to date offer important insights into potential influences of parenting on offspring brain development. In particular, of the various brain regions examined in the studies included in this review, the majority have focused on subcortical, including limbic, striatal regions, and hippocampal regions, as well as prefrontal cortical regions (e.g., Butterfield et al, 2020;Kopala-Sibley et al, 2020;Morgan et al, 2014;Whittle et al, 2013;Pagliaccio et al, 2015;Pozzi et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2019). This may be in part because at least some of these studies stemmed from broader cohort studies whose primary focus was understanding child and adolescent risk factors for adverse behavioural outcomes, in particular psychopathology such as depression and anxiety (e.g., Pagliaccio et al, 2015;Whittle et al, 2013Whittle et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies have also found associations between parenting in infancy, childhood, or adolescence and global cortical thickness (Frye et al, 2010), total grey matter volume (Kok et al, 2015), functioning in the occipital lobe in adolescents (Pozzi et al, 2020), and large scale functional brain networks such as functional connectivity of the default mode and salience networks in late childhood (Dégeilh et al, 2018;Graham et al, 2015). Research confirms associations between self-reported and retrospectively recalled adverse developmental experiences and suboptimal parenting and offspring brain structure and function, in particular in limbic, striatal, and prefrontal region structure, function, and functional connectivity during a range of fMRI tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are not aware of any research that features these methodological strengths that examined offspring brain function rather than structure. Other work has similarly found links between maternal support, care, responsiveness, or positive parenting generally during early childhood and children's hippocampal volumes (Luby et al, 2012), anterior cingulate and thalamus volumes (Rao et al, 2010), global cortical thickness (Frye et al, 2010), orbitofrontal cortex activation in adolescents during an emotion processing task (Pozzi et al, 2020), and strength of structural covariance networks (Richmond et al, 2018). Thus, multiple single time point studies suggest that positive parenting is linked to adolescent brain structure and function in range of regions including but not limited to regions relevant to affect, memory, and emotion processing, while two studies have found that positive parenting in adolescence influences development over time in prefrontal and limbic regions (Whittle et al, 2013(Whittle et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Focus On Extreme Forms Of Adversity Rather Than Normative Exmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Parenting and Offspring Brain Development: What Do We Know?

Bhanot¹,

Bray²,

McGirr³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Parenting has been robustly associated with offspring psychosocial development, and these effects are likely reflected in brain development. However, the claim that parenting influences offspring brain development in humans, as measured by structural and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), is subject to numerous methodological limitations. To interpret the state of the parenting and brain development literature, we review these limitations. Four limitations are common. First, most literature has been cross-sectional. Where longitudinal, studies rarely included multiple assessments of brain structure or function, precluding measurement of actual brain development. Second, parenting has largely been measured via selfor parent-report, as opposed to observational assessment. Third, there has been a focus on extreme forms of developmental adversity which do not necessarily lie on a continuum with normative parenting. Fourth, although not a limitation per se, studies have generally focused on negative as opposed to positive parenting behaviours. While not all studies are subject to all these limitations, the study of parenting in relation to offspring brain development is in its infancy.

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The Influence of Maternal Parenting Style on the Neural Correlates of Emotion Processing in Children

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood

The Effect of Parent Psychological Distress on Child Hyperactivity/Inattention During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Testing the Mediation of Parent Verbal Hostility and Child Emotional Symptoms

Parenting and Offspring Brain Development: What Do We Know?

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