The influence of mechanical strain on the optical properties of spherical gold nanoparticles

Qian, Xiaohu; Park, Harold S.

doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2009.12.001

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Another important factor which has not been studied extensively to-date is the coupling between mechanical deformation and other physical quantities, for example externally applied electric fields [325,326], or the optics-driven mechanical deformation and resonance motion of nanostructures [327][328][329]. The work of Zheng et al [325] demonstrated that applied electric fields can couple with the previously discussed mechanical surface effects to have a significant effect on the elastic properties of nanostructures; this finding is potentially significant as many NEMS are actuated using electrostatic forces or externally applied electric fields.…”

Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical resonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: Nanomechanics principles

et al. 2011

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Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) such as nanomechanical resonators, which have recently received significant attention from the scientific community. This has not only been for their capability for the label-free detection of bio/chemical-molecules at single-molecule (or atomic) resolution for future applications such as the early diagnostics of diseases such as cancer, but also for their unprecedented ability to detect physical quantities such as molecular weight, elastic stiffness, surface stress, and surface elastic stiffness for adsorbed molecules on the surface. Most experimental works on resonator-based molecular detection have been based on the principle that molecular adsorption onto a resonator surface increases the effective mass, and consequently decreases the resonant frequencies of the nanomechanical resonator. However, this principle is insufficient to provide fundamental insights into resonator-based molecular detection at the nanoscale; this is due to recently proposed novel nanoscale detection principles including various effects such as surface effects, nonlinear oscillations, coupled resonance, and stiffness effects. Furthermore, these effects have only recently been incorporated into existing physical models for resonators, and therefore the universal physical principles governing nanoresonator-based detection have not been completely described. Therefore, our objective in this review is to overview the current attempts to understand the underlying mechanisms in nanoresonator-based detection using physical models coupled to computational simulations and/or experiments. Specifically, we will focus on issues of special relevance to the dynamic behavior of nanoresonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: the resonance behavior of micro/nano-resonators; resonator-based chemical/biological detection; physical models of various nanoresonators such as nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. We pay particular attention to experimental and computational approaches that have been useful in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the dynamic behavior of resonators across multiple and disparate spatial/length scales, and the resulting insight into resonator-based detection that has been obtained. We additionally provide extensive discussion regarding potentially fruitful future research directions coupling experiments and simulations in order to develop a fundamental understanding of the basic physical principles that govern NEMS and NEMS-based sensing and detection applications.

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Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical resonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: Nanomechanics principles

et al. 2011

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“…16 Work involving near-field phenomena has included strain-tunable surface plasmon resonance, 17,18,19,20 fano resonance, 21 and controlling SERS activity . 10, 11, 22 Although this work encompasses a wide breadth of interesting applications, strain-sensitive optical phenomena have not been used for the sensing of microscale mechanical deformations in biological systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SERS-enhanced piezoplasmonic graphene composite for biological and structural strain mapping

et al. 2017

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Thin-film optical strain sensors have the ability to map small deformations with spatial and temporal resolution and do not require electrical interrogation. This paper describes the use of graphene decorated with metallic nanoislands for sensing of tensile deformations of less than 0.04% with a resolution of less than 0.002%. The nanoisland-graphene composite films contain gaps between the nanoislands, which when functionalized with benzenethiolate behave as hot spots for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Mechanical strain increases the sizes of the gaps; this increase attenuates the electric field, and thus attenuates the SERS signal. This compounded, SERS-enhanced “piezoplasmonic” effect can be quantified using a plasmonic gauge factor, and is among the most sensitive mechanical sensors of any type. Since the graphene-nanoisland films are both conductive and optically active, they permit simultaneous electrical stimulation of myoblast cells and optical detection of the strains produced by the cellular contractions.

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“…33–34 Strain has also been applied to correct the dielectric functions of nanoscale metallic nanoparticles. 33, 35 Li and co-authors reported that a 10 nm silver crystal can be plastically deformed at room temperature in the absence of any dislocation activity by compressing or stretching it using the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope located inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope, which allows for the deformation of the nanocrystal to be visualized at atomic resolution. 36 The deformation of nanocrystals has been investigated in 1D nanowires 37 , 2D nano films 38 , and nanopillars attached to a substrate 39 , by applying point-contact stress through nanoindentation, however, these single-particle-at-a time experiments have low throughput and have not studied changes in LSPR spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Wavelengths of Silver Nanoparticles by Mechanical Deformation

et al. 2016

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We describe a simple technique to alter the shape of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by rolling a glass tube over them to mechanically compress them. The resulting shape change in turn induces a red-shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) scattering spectrum and exposes new surface area. The flattened particles were characterized by optical and electron microscopy, single nanoparticle scattering spectroscopy, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). AFM and SEM images show that the AgNPs deform into discs; increasing the applied load from 0 to 100 N increases the AgNP diameter and decreases the height. This deformation caused a dramatic red shift in the nanoparticle scattering spectrum and also generated new surface area to which thiolated molecules could attach as evident from SERS measurements. The simple technique employed here requires no lithographic templates and has potential for rapid, reproducible, inexpensive and scalable tuning of nanoparticle shape, surface area, and resonance while preserving particle volume.

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The influence of mechanical strain on the optical properties of spherical gold nanoparticles

Cited by 47 publications

References 67 publications

Nanomechanical resonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: Nanomechanics principles

Nanomechanical resonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: Nanomechanics principles

SERS-enhanced piezoplasmonic graphene composite for biological and structural strain mapping

Tuning Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Wavelengths of Silver Nanoparticles by Mechanical Deformation

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