The Influence of Metronidazol and Disulfiram on the Pharmacologic Action of Ethanol

Winter, D; Sauvard, S; Stanescu, Carmen Luisa Vásquez; Theodorescu, M; Winter, J.C.; Nitelea, I.

doi:10.1159/000135996

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Both metronidazole and disulfiram inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing acetaldehyde to accumulate in the blood. 211 Increasing concentrations of acetaldehyde can trigger emesis when metronidazole or disulfiram are ingested with ethanol. Given that ritonavir capsules and the capsules of tipranavir's self-emulsifying drug delivery system contain ethanol, administering tipranavir-ritonavir with these agents may also result in a disulfiram-like reaction.…”

Section: Metronidazole and Disulfirammentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated with Ritonavir‐Enhanced Tipranavir

Vourvahis

Kashuba

2007

Pharmacotherapy

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Tipranavir is a nonpeptidic protease inhibitor that has activity against human immunodeficiency virus strains resistant to multiple protease inhibitors. Tipranavir 500 mg is coadministered with ritonavir 200 mg. Tipranavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and, when combined with ritonavir in vitro, causes inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A in addition to induction of glucuronidase and the drug transporter P-glycoprotein. As a result, drug-drug interactions between tipranavir-ritonavir and other coadministered drugs are a concern. In addition to interactions with other antiretrovirals, tipranavir-ritonavir interactions with antifungals, antimycobacterials, oral contraceptives, statins, and antidiarrheals have been specifically evaluated. For other drugs such as antiarrhythmics, antihistamines, ergot derivatives, selective serotonin receptor agonists (or triptans), gastrointestinal motility agents, erectile dysfunction agents, and calcium channel blockers, interactions can be predicted based on studies with other ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors and what is known about tipranavir-ritonavir CYP and P-glycoprotein utilization. The highly complex nature of drug interactions dictates that cautious prescribing should occur with narrow-therapeutic-index drugs that have not been specifically studied. Thus, the known interaction potential of tipranavir-ritonavir is reported, and in vitro and in vivo data are provided to assist clinicians in predicting interactions not yet studied. As more clinical interaction data are generated, better insight will be gained into the specific mechanisms of interactions with tipranavir-ritonavir.

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Section: Metronidazole and Disulfirammentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated with Ritonavir‐Enhanced Tipranavir

Vourvahis

Kashuba

2007

Pharmacotherapy

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Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Saturated Alcohols

Patočka¹,

Kuča²

2012

MMSL

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SummaryToxic alcohols that clinicians commonly encounter are ethylene glycol, methanol, and isopropanol. Adults ingest these either for suicidal intent or to achieve inebriation, since these substances are readily available and cheaper than alcohol. Nevertheless, assorted alcohols are used very often in many applications and any alcohol can be toxic if ingested in large enough quantities. Toxic alcohols discussed here include all saturated aliphatic alcohols containing from 1 to 6 carbons in their molecules.

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The Influence of Metronidazol and Disulfiram on the Pharmacologic Action of Ethanol

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated with Ritonavir‐Enhanced Tipranavir

Mechanisms of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated with Ritonavir‐Enhanced Tipranavir

Toxic Alcohols: Aliphatic Saturated Alcohols

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