The Influence of Micronaire Fineness and Prior Treatments on the Cyanoethylation of Cotton

Reinhardt, Robert M.; Tallant, John D.

doi:10.1177/004051755702700104

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…A number of researchers have pointed out differences in the rate and extent of chemical modification of cottons due to innate varietal differences [7,8, 10, 11, 15, (15). Good rank correlation with linear density and crystallinitv was also observed.…”

Section: Egcct Of Varietal Differences O Cottonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nonaqueous Carboxymethylation of Cotton

Reinhardt

Fenner

Reid

1957

Textile Research Journal

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Cotton fiber, thread, and fabric were carboxymethylated by a nonaqueous process. Activated cotton was impregnated with an isopropanol solution of monochloroacetic acid and refluxed with 0.3% sodium hydroxide in a mixture of methanol and isopropanol. Degrees of substitution ranging up to 0.09 were achieved. Higher values can be obtained by retreatment or premercerization.Four varieties of cotton fiber have been carboxymethylated by this method. Correlation between the reactivity and the original physical properties of the fibers has been shown.Textile properties of fabric treated by this nonaqueous method and those of a sample treated by the usual aqueous alkali method were compared at equal substitution. The α-methyl-, α-ethyl-, α-propyl-, α-decyl-, and α-cetylcarboxymethyl derivatives of cotton were prepared in low degrees of substitution, using the appropriate α-halocarboxylic acid as etherifying agent in the nonaqueous reaction.

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Section: Egcct Of Varietal Differences O Cottonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nonaqueous Carboxymethylation of Cotton

Reinhardt

Fenner

Reid

1957

Textile Research Journal

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Graft copolymerisation of vinyl monomers on modified cottons. VII. Grafting by chain transfer

Hebeish

Khalil

El‐Rafie

1974

Angew. Makromol. Chem.

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Grafting of methyl methacrylate on cellulosic materials by chain transfer under the catalytic influence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was extensively studied. The graft yield is influenced by reaction time, temperature, monomer and initiator concentration, reaction medium and nature of the substrate. In general, the grafting reaction shows an induction period after which the polymerisation proceeds rapidly. The graft yield increases and the induction period decreases by rising the reaction temperature from 50 to 70°C. This is also the case when the monomer concentration was increased from 2 to 6%. Increasing the AIBN concentration up to 0.01 M causes a significant enhancement in grafting while further increase brings about a marked fall in the graft yield. Among the reaction media studied, a water/solvent mixture containing 25% of either methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol or acetone seems to constitute a reaction medium where the monomer and initiator are completely miscible and the swelling of cellulose by water is not hindered by the presence of these solvents. Increasing the solvent ratio in the water/solvent mixture causes a considerable decrease in the graft yield. The polymer content of the cellulosic materials, i. e. the graft yield, follows the order: partially carboxymethylated cotton > cotton treated with 12N sodium hydroxide > cyanoethylated cotton > cotton treated with 0.5 N sodium hydroxide > purified cotton. In addition, proof of grafting was provided by the fractional precipitation method.

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Graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on modified cottons. III. Grafting of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on cyanoethylated cotton by the ceric ion method

Kantouch

Hebeish

El‐Rafie

1971

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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synopsisThe interaction of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate with cyanoethylated cotton in the presence of ceric ion has been studied under a variety of conditions. Increasing the reaction time, the monomer concentration, and the temperature favorably influences the degree of grafting. The same holds true for initiator concentration up to a certain limit, after which a decrease in the graft yield was obtained. On the other hand, ceric consumption during grafting and oxidation increases by increasing the magnitudes of all these factors. However, the consumption during grafting is always higher than that during oxidation. The graft yields obtained with cyanoethylated cotton are greater than those of the control, being increased by increasing the degree of substitution (D.S.) of the cyanoethylated cotton, suggesting that the cyanoethyl groups afford additional sites of grafting. On the other hand, the ceric consumption during oxidation of cyanoethylated cotton was much lower than that of the control, being increased also by increasing the D.S., indicating perhaps that ceric ion attacks the cyanoethylated cotton exclusively at the cyanoethyl groups. Based on these findings, a scheme for the mechanism of reaction of a vinyl monomer with cyanoethylated cotton was proposed.

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The Influence of Micronaire Fineness and Prior Treatments on the Cyanoethylation of Cotton

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

The Nonaqueous Carboxymethylation of Cotton

The Nonaqueous Carboxymethylation of Cotton

Graft copolymerisation of vinyl monomers on modified cottons. VII. Grafting by chain transfer

Graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on modified cottons. III. Grafting of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on cyanoethylated cotton by the ceric ion method

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