“…Because performance did not reverse, however, the results must be viewed cautiously. [ Individual monetary incentive systems, typically with feedback as a component, have been researched in both laboratory and applied settings, and have resulted in appreciably higher levels of performance than hourly pay (e.g., Frisch & Dickinson, 1990;Gaetani, Hoxeng, & Austin, 1985;George & Hopkins, 1989;LaMere, Dickinson, Henry, Henry, & Poling, 1996;London & Oldham, 1977;Pritchard, Hollenback & DeLeo, 1980;Riedel, Nebecker & Cooper, 1988;Smoot & Duncan, 1997;Wagner & Bailey, 1997). Statistical meta-analyses have also confirmed the effectiveness of individual monetary incentive systems (Jenkins, Gupta, Mitra, & Shaw, 1998) and, more generally, tangible work incentives (Stolovich, Clark, & Condly, 2002).…”