“…The type, concentration, and composition of the osmotic solution has a large impact on the rate of water removal and overall mass transfer during the OD (Kowalska et al, 2017;Samborska et al, 2019). The OD of fruit and vegetables is most often performed in solutions of sucrose and other sugars or sodium chloride, respectively (Mayor et al, 2007;Al-Harahsheh et al, 2009;Jalaee et al, 2011;Gamboa-Santos & Campañone, 2019;Etemadi et al, 2020). Polyols have also been used, for example, xylitol, maltitol, sorbitol (Sakooei-Vayghan et al (2020), or binary solutions, for example, glucose syrup and NaCl for apple (Emam-Djomeh et al, 2006;Dehghannya et al, 2006).…”