The influence of nitrogen on growth and photosynthesis of sorghum infected with <i>Striga hermonthica</i> from different provenances

Cechin, Inês; Press, M. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1994.tb01997.x

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Early infection (18 dap) of ' CSH-1 ' had a more severe effect on photosynthesis and biomass accumulation than delayed infection (28 and 38 dap). Few studies have examined the effects of delayed infection of cereals but these results support preliminary laboratory observations by Cechin & Press (1993a) where biomass accumulation in sorghum plants infected with S. hermonthica when 3 d old was lower than in those infected when 19 d old. Field studies manipulating the time of Striga attachment have also been undertaken using acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides.…”

Section: supporting

confidence: 63%

“…Grain yields were significantly greater where parasite emergence was delayed (Abayo et al, 1996). Cechin & Press (1993a) suggested that the age at which a plant becomes infected by S. hermonthica might be an important determinant of the extent to which the parasite can affect host productivity. Laboratory results for Striga-susceptible ' CSH-1 ' and ' SRN-39 ' but not apparently for ' Ochuti ', support this hypothesis.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preliminary study by Cechin & Press (1993a) demonstrated that early attachment of S. hermonthica (3-d-old hosts) had a greater effect on the growth of its sorghum host than later attachment (19-d-old hosts). Thus, timing of infection might be a mechanism that explains at least some of the variation associated with genotypes and environment.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection time and density influence the response of sorghum to the parasitic angiosperm Striga hermonthica

1999

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Two cultivars of sorghum (CSH-1 and Ochuti) were grown in the presence and absence of the root hemiparasite Striga hermonthica in uniform conditions in the field in Kenya, Africa. S. hermonthica had a marked influence on growth and photosynthesis of ' CSH-1 ' ; however, ' Ochuti ' showed a less severe response to infection and tolerance of the parasite. The variation in genotype response might be partly explained by later attachment of the parasite and a lower level of infection. Laboratory studies were used to determine the importance of both variables in determining host response to infection. Early infection by S. hermonthica had a more negative effect on the host than late infection. The level of parasite biomass supported by the host also influenced host productivity but the relationship was nonlinear. Low degrees of parasite infection had a proportionately much greater effect on host grain weight than at greater parasite loading. Early infection of ' Ochuti ' in laboratory conditions resulted in lower stem dry weight than in uninfected plants but not in smaller total plant biomass or lower rates of photosynthesis.In conclusion, the time of parasite attachment affected host performance and might explain much of the variation in host sensitivity both within and between studies. The level of parasite infection affected host performance to a lesser extent. In addition, late attachment and low levels of infection might have implications for control management strategies.

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Section: supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infection time and density influence the response of sorghum to the parasitic angiosperm Striga hermonthica

1999

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“…The cultivar TZEE-W Pop STR C 5 was identified as high yielding and stable both under multiple-stress and nonstress environments suggesting that it has a broad adaptation to the growing environments in WCA. The results of this study are of special interest because drought, low-N, and Striga occur simultaneously under field conditions in WCA and when this happens, the combined effect can be devastating (Cechin and Press, 1993;Kim and Adetimirin, 1997;Badu-Apraku et al, 2015b). The superior performance of the cultivars under varying environmental conditions is of utmost importance as maize varieties targeted to the drought-prone areas of WCA must also be tolerant to low-N, resistant/tolerant to Striga and have competitive yield under non-stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Badu‐Apraku¹,

Yallou

Ofori

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas The study determined genetic improvement in grain yield of the cultivars during the breeding eras, investigated trait associations, and identified high‐yielding and stable cultivars across multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. The study revealed an annual genetic gain of 2.72 and 2.28% for the cultivars under multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. Cultivars 2004 TZEE‐Y Pop STR C4, TZEE‐W Pop STR QPM C0, TZEE‐W Pop STR BC2 C0 of era 2 and TZEE‐W STR 107 BC1, TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, and 2012 TZEE‐Y DT STR C5 of era 3 were the highest yielding and stable across multiple‐stress environments while 98 Syn EE‐W from era 1, FERKE TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐W Pop STR C3, TZEE‐Y Pop STR QPM C0 from era 2, and TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, 2009 TZEE‐OR2 STR QPM, 2009 TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐Y STR 106, TZEE‐W DT C0 STR C5 from era 3 were the most outstanding across non‐stress environments. We conclude that substantial progress has been made in breeding for multiple‐stress tolerant extra‐early maize cultivars in West and central Africa. Availability of extra‐early maize cultivars has facilitated the expansion of maize production into savannas of West and Central Africa (WCA). Fifty‐six extra‐early maize cultivars of three breeding eras;1995 to 2000, 2001 to 2006, and 2007 to 2012 were evaluated for 2 yr under 24 multiple‐stress and 28 non‐stress environments in WCA. Objectives of the study were to determine genetic improvement in grain yield of cultivars developed during the breeding eras, and identify high‐yielding and s multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. Yield gains from era 1 to era 3 under multiple stresses was associated with increased days to anthesis, reduced stalk lodging, and improved husk cover. Cultivars 2004 TZEE‐Y Pop STR C4, TZEE‐W Pop STR QPM C0, and TZEE‐W Pop STR BC2 C0 of era 2; and TZEE‐W STR 107 BC1, TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, and 2012 TZEE‐Y DT STR C5 of era 3 were high‐yielding and stable across multiple‐stress environments while 98 Syn EE‐W from era 1, FERKE TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐W Pop STR C3, and TZEE‐Y Pop STR QPM C0 from era 2, and TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, 2009 TZEE‐OR2 STR QPM, 2009 TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐Y STR 106, and TZEE‐W DT C0 STR C5 from era 3 were outstanding across non‐stress environments and should be tested extensively and commercialized. Considerable improvement has been made in breeding for multiple‐stress tolerant extra‐early maize cultivars.

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“…Benth is a major constraint to maize production in the savannas of WA. In the farmer's fi eld, drought, Striga infestation, and soil nutrient defi ciency can occur simultaneously, with a devastating combined eff ect (Cechin and Press, 1993;Kim and Adetimirin, 1997;Badu-Apraku et al, 2011b). Th erefore, maize varieties targeted to the Striga-prone areas of WCA must also be resistant or at least tolerant to drought and low-N.…”

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confidence: 99%

Heterotic Patterns of IITA and CIMMYT Early‐Maturing Yellow Maize Inbreds under Contrasting Environments

et al. 2016

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Drought and low soil nitrogen (low-N) constitute major constraints to maize (Zea mays L.) production in West Africa (WA). Th e International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) have developed drought and low-N tolerant inbreds for Africa. Combinations between selected IITA and CIMMYT inbreds could produce outstanding hybrids. Diallel crosses of 12 IITA and fi ve CIMMYT early yellow inbreds plus four checks were evaluated under drought, low-N and optimal conditions at four locations in Nigeria for 2 yr. Th e objectives were to examine the combining ability of the inbreds for grain yield and other traits, classify the lines into heterotic groups, identify best testers under the contrasting environments, assess genotype × environment interactions and evaluate the yield performance and stability of single-cross hybrids. Grouping of the inbred lines was done with heterotic group's specifi c combining ability (SCA) and general combining ability (GCA) (HSGCA), single nucleotide polymorphism based genetic distance (SNP-GD) and GCA eff ects of multiple traits (HGCAMT) methods. Th e GCA mean squares for all traits were greater than SCA mean squares in all environments. Th e inbreds were classifi ed into four heterotic groups each across environments by HSGCA and SNP-GD while HGCAMT method placed them into three groups. HGCAMT was the most effi cient followed by HSGCA and then SNP-GD method. Th e HGCAMT identifi ed inbreds ENT 17, ENT 15, and ENT 8 as best testers for heterotic Groups 1, 2, and 3. Hybrids TZEI 17 × ENT 15, and TZEI 149 × ENT 15 were outstanding across environments.

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The influence of nitrogen on growth and photosynthesis of sorghum infected with Striga hermonthica from different provenances

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Infection time and density influence the response of sorghum to the parasitic angiosperm Striga hermonthica

Infection time and density influence the response of sorghum to the parasitic angiosperm Striga hermonthica

Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Heterotic Patterns of IITA and CIMMYT Early‐Maturing Yellow Maize Inbreds under Contrasting Environments

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