“…Although menus are defined as detailed lists of food or as food and beverages offered in a food and beverage establishment (Wansink et al, 2005;Aktaş and Özdemir, 2007), it can be more aptly described as a sales, marketing and communication tool that can potentially affect customers' first impressions of an establishment (Bowen and Morris, 1995;Jones and Mifll, 2001;Kincaid and Corsun, 2003;Reynolds et al, 2005;Ozdemir and Caliskan, 2014;Linassi et al, 2016;Baiomy and Jones, 2016a). Menus have also become one of the most significant elements of food and beverage production, as it has the ability to directly affect demand, income and cost (Bayou and Bennett, 1992;Kivela, 2003;Antun and Gustafson, 2005;Glanz et al, 2007).…”