The influence of plant polyphenols on lipolysis and biohydrogenation in dried forages at different phenological stages: in vitro study

Cabiddu, A.; Salis, Lorenzo; Tweed, John K. S.; Molle, G.; Decandia, M.; Lee, Michael R. F.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3892

Cited by 65 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The level of n-3 fatty acids in milk of grazing animals depends on their concentration in the diet, and is affected by forages botanical composition, phenological stage, and leafiness and conservation method (Cabiddu et al, 2010), as well as biohydrogenation. For example, leaves of Castanea sativa Mill.…”

Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant lipases are important in biohydrogenation with grazed and conserved forages. Polyphenol oxidases can reduce quinones to phenols, which can then bind to lipases and inhibit lipolysis (Cabiddu et al, 2010). There was a negative association between total phenols and LNA biohydrogenation (Cabiddu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyphenol oxidases can reduce quinones to phenols, which can then bind to lipases and inhibit lipolysis (Cabiddu et al, 2010). There was a negative association between total phenols and LNA biohydrogenation (Cabiddu et al, 2010). Effects of essential oils on biohydrogenation vary depending on the compound, concentration, basal diet, pH, and adaptation period.…”

Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of tannins to improve fatty acids profile of meat and milk quality in ruminants: A review

Morales

Ungerfeld

2015

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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This paper reviews how tannins, through their effects on rumen lipid metabolism, can affect the composition of ruminants' meat and milk fat. Tannins are a heterogeneous group of plant secondary compounds known for both beneficial and detrimental effects on animals' digestive physiology. Tannins supplementation of ruminants' diets alters both in vivo and in vitro unsaturated fatty acids biohydrogenation and hence the profile of fatty acids outflowing the rumen, which can influence milk and meat content of beneficial fatty acids such as linolenic acid (c9,c12,c15-18:3), vaccenic acid (t11-18:1) and rumenic acid (c9,t11-18:2), among others. Published information indicates that tannins could inhibit biohydrogenation though affecting ruminal microorganisms. Some studies found increments in linolenic, rumenic and/or vaccenic acids in meat and milk fat using different sources of tannins; however, the effects of tannins supplementation on milk and meat fatty acid profile are not consistent, and there are contradictory results published in the literature. Effects of tannin supplementation on fatty acids biohydrogenation are affected by the chemical type of tannins, the complexity of their interactions with dietary components, and the potential microbial adaptation to tannins. In addition, the duration of the tannins-feeding period may also affect milk and meat fatty acid profile. Characterizing the effects of each specific tannic compound on different biohydrogenation steps and on the microbial species conducting them, as well as the interaction between specific tannin compounds and other dietary components can help to take greater advantage of tannins potential to contribute to improve human health through promoting beneficial fatty acids in ruminants products.

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Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of tannins to improve fatty acids profile of meat and milk quality in ruminants: A review

Morales

Ungerfeld

2015

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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“…They have been used as human food (Felker et al, 2013) and their extracts have been extensively evaluated as a source of nutraceuticals (Bernardi et al, 2010) and pharmaceuticals (Huisamen et al, 2013;Mollashahi et al, 2013). The fruits are also used as animal feed (de Jesus Pereira et al, 2013) which, depending on the colour, may have different effects in the rumen (Cabiddu et al, 2010) because of variation in content of phytochemical compounds (mainly polyphenols) (Parveen et al, 2010)). Incidents of invasion of mesquite species as a result of seed dispersal by livestock (Sawal et al, 2004), wildlife and water have been reported in north-east Ethiopia (Shiferaw et al, 2004), forest riverines of Kenya (Muturi et al, 2013), and savannas and grasslands of Argentina and southwestern USA (Golubov et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and in vitro degradation of red and white mesquite (Prosopis laevigata) pods

et al. 2014

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The objective of this study was to compare the chemical composition and ruminal degradation of whole pod, exomesocarp, endocarp and seed fractions of red and white mesquite pods. The pods contained on average 220 g free sugars, 78 g crude protein, 21 g fat per kg dry matter (DM), and a potential DM degradation of 163 g/kg. Contaminant fungi (mostly Aspegillus spp.) count was low. Unsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, were the predominant (~50%) fatty acids in whole pods and seeds. Sucrose was the largest free sugar proportion. The highest fibre content was found in the endocarp, the highest free sugar was found in the exomesocarp, and the highest crude protein content was found in the seeds. Tannins were more abundant in red pods (0.4 mg/100 g DM) than in white ones. Some differences in nutritional values were found between red and white pods and their components (exomesocarp, endocarp and seeds), although both have a potentially high nutritive value. Whole pods and the endocarp can be used by ruminants; seeds can be used by simple stomach animals; and the exomesocarp can be used in human nutrition because of its low glycaemic index properties.

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“…The exact mechanics involved in the effect of different forages on rumen biohydrogenation are not fully understood; however, several modes of action have been suggested including the presence of plant metabolites (Dewhurst et al, 2006). The enzyme polyphenol oxidase, present in red clover, has been attributed to reduce lipolysis in the rumen when present, and by doing so reducing hydrogenation as well (Lee et al, 2008;Cabiddu et al, 2010). In addition, condensed tannins may reduce proteolysis, alter the distribution between individual volatile fatty acids produced in the rumen (Burggraaf et al, 2008) and inhibit the terminal step of hydrogenation, resulting in an accumulation of vaccenic acid (Khiaosa-Ard et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in rate of ruminal hydrogenation of C18 fatty acids in clover and ryegrass

Lejonklev

Storm

Larsen

et al. 2013

Animal

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Biohydrogenation of C18 fatty acids in the rumen of cows, from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids, is lower on clover than on grass-based diets, which might result in increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the milk from clover-based diets affecting its nutritional properties. The effect of forage type on ruminal hydrogenation was investigated by in vitro incubation of feed samples in rumen fluid. Silages of red clover, white clover and perennial ryegrass harvested in spring growth and in third regrowth were used, resulting in six silages. Fatty acid content was analysed after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h of incubation to study the rate of hydrogenation of unsaturated C18 fatty acids. A dynamic mechanistic model was constructed and used to estimate the rate constants ( k, h) of the hydrogenation assuming mass action-driven fluxes between the following pools of C18 fatty acids: C18:3 (linolenic acid), C18:2 (linoleic acid), C18:1 (mainly vaccenic acid) and C18:0 (stearic acid) as the end point. For k C18:1,C18:2 the estimated rate constants were 0.0685 (red clover), 0.0706 (white clover) and 0.0868 (ryegrass), and for k C18:1,C18:3 it was 0.0805 (red clover), 0.0765 (white clover) and 0.1022 (ryegrass). Type of forage had a significant effect on k C18:1,C18:2 ( P , 0.05) and a tendency to effect k C18:1,C18:3 ( P , 0.10), whereas growth had no effect on k C18:1,C18:2 or k C18:1,C18:3 ( P . 0.10). Neither forage nor growth significantly affected k C18:0,C18:1 , which was estimated to be 0.0504. Similar, but slightly higher, results were observed when calculating the rate of disappearance for linolenic and linoleic acid. This effect persists regardless of the harvest time and may be because of the presence of plant secondary metabolites that are able to inhibit lipolysis, which is required before hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids can begin.Keywords: clover, fatty acids, hydrogenation, ruminal, ryegrass ImplicationsEfforts are being made to improve ruminal foods, such as meat and milk, to make them more beneficial for human health. Fat content, with regard to saturated and unsaturated fats, has received a lot of attention. In the present study, the effects of red and white clover silages on fatty acid metabolism in the cow rumen were studied in vitro. Both types of clover silages were found to have similar effects on the fatty acid metabolism, which could potentially be used to determine feed types that could increase concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids in milk.

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The influence of plant polyphenols on lipolysis and biohydrogenation in dried forages at different phenological stages: in vitro study

Abstract: These results showed that lipolysis and biohydrogenation of PUFA could be affected by plant phenols, particularly TP.

Cited by 65 publications

References 44 publications

Use of tannins to improve fatty acids profile of meat and milk quality in ruminants: A review

Use of tannins to improve fatty acids profile of meat and milk quality in ruminants: A review

Chemical composition and <i>in vitro</i> degradation of red and white mesquite (<i>Prosopis laevigata</i>) pods

Differences in rate of ruminal hydrogenation of C18 fatty acids in clover and ryegrass

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