The Influence of Plants on Anopheline Breeding

Hall, Tony

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1972.21.787

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In the case of Anopheles mosquitoes, the importance of aquatic macrophytes in providing habitat for larval development is welldocumented. Aquatic vegetation creates the intersection line that forms the primary microhabitat for larvae (Hess and Hall 1943;Hall 1972), provides refuge from predation (Collins et al 1988;Orr and1991;Orr 1991), and enhances larval survivorship even in the absence of predators (Orr and1991;Orr 1991), probably by providing enriched food resources, shelter from disturbance, and optimal thermal conditions for larval development (Hess and Hall 1943;Collins et al 1985;Walker et al 1988;Orr and Resh 1989). The positive benefits associated with aquatic macrophyte cover, and dense patches of emergent plants in particular, should result in a strong selective advantage (i.e., increased fitness) to individuals that choose high density macrophyte patches as habitat.…”

Section: Habitat Complexity and The Benefits Of Aquatic Macrophyte Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence ofMyriophyllum aquaticum cover onAnopheles mosquito abundance, oviposition, and larval microhabitat

Orr

Resh

1992

Oecologia

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The surface cover produced by aquatic macrophytes is the primary habitat for immature stages (eggs, larvae, and pupae) ofAnopheles mosquitoes. We hypothesized that both the abundance of immatureAnopheles and the recruitment ofAnopheles (from oviposition or larval movement) is positively related to the amount of surface cover present. Field sampling documented a positive correlation betweenAnopheles egg and larval abundance and the amount of vegetative cover present (measured as the number of emergent stems m) in monospecific beds ofMyriophyllum aquaticum in a California, USA, wetland. Experiments conducted to determine the influence ofMyriophyllum stem density on selection of oviposition sites by adultAnopheles females clearly indicate that oviposition rate (eggs m d) increases as stem density increases from 0 to 1000 stems m but decreases as stem density approaches 2000 stems m. In selecting microhabitats,Anopheles larvae preferred patches with high stem densities over patches with few or no plant stems; this preference correlates with differences in habitat quality (e.g., increased refuge from predation and enriched food sources). The optimal habitat for anopheline mosquitoes apparently occurs above a threshold plant density of approximately 500Myriophyllum stems m. Habitat heterogeneity produced by variability in the distribution and structure of aquatic vegetation strongly influences the local distribution and abundance of anopheline mosquitoes.

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Section: Habitat Complexity and The Benefits Of Aquatic Macrophyte Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence ofMyriophyllum aquaticum cover onAnopheles mosquito abundance, oviposition, and larval microhabitat

Orr

Resh

1992

Oecologia

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“…Mosquitoes may also select oviposition sites based on the availability of larval food (Blaustein & Kotler, 1993). Studies of the factors that determine anopheline larval population densities have almost invariably assumed that aquatic vegetation represents an important food resource for larvae (Hall, 1972;Rejmankova et al, 1992;Marten et al, 1996), although anopheline feeding on filamentous algae is poorly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition habitat selection for a predator refuge and food source in a mosquito

Bond

Arredondo‐Jiménez²,

Rodrı́guez

et al. 2005

Ecological Entomology

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1. The influence of filamentous algae on oviposition habitat selection by the mosquito Anopheles pseudopunctipennis and the consequences of oviposition decisions on the diet, development, body size, and survival of offspring were examined.2. A natural population of An. pseudopunctipennis in Chiapas, Mexico, oviposited almost exclusively in containers with filamentous algae. Algae represented 47% of the gut contents of mosquito larvae sampled from the natural population. Mosquito larvae fed on an exclusive diet of algae developed as quickly and achieved the same adult body size (wing length) as their conspecifics fed on a standard laboratory diet.3. Multiple regression of survival of mosquito larvae on percentage surface area cover of algae (0-99%) and the density of predatory fish (zero to four fish per container) was best described by a second-order polynomial model. Increasing fish densities resulted in a reduction in mosquito survival in all algal treatments. The highest incidence of survival was observed at intermediate (66%) algal cover in all treatments.4. The presence of fish significantly extended larval development times whereas algal cover had no significant effect. The presence of fish resulted in emergence of smaller adults due to reduced feeding opportunities and predator avoidance behaviour. Algal cover also affected mosquito wing length but differently at each fish density. 5. Oviposition habitat selection improves survival in the presence of predators and feeding opportunities for An. pseudopunctipennis larvae.

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“…The general philosophy was to control mosquito breeding through natural measures and limit larvicidal and other temporary controls to an absolute minimum [35]. Papers by Hinman et al [36], Penfound [37], Hess and Hall [38], Hall [39] focused on the importance of aquatic vegetation in anopheline larval habitats (see section on Vegetation).…”

Section: There Can Be a Good Information On Well Executed Larval Contmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytoecological relationships of many species are strong enough to indicate presence or absence of mosquitoes according to presence or absence of associated plants [44]. The effect of aquatic plants on mosquito oviposition and larval survival and development, particularly among the anophelines, has been recognized since the early 1930's [38,39,66,[113][114][115]. Many aquatic plants provide food and protection for mosquito larvae and create favorable conditions for oviposition.…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%