The influence of pre- and postnatal exposure to air pollution and green spaces on infant’s gut microbiota: Results from the MAMI birth cohort study

Cruells, Adrià; Cabrera-Rubio, Raúl; Bustamante, Mariona; Pelegrí, Dolors; Cirach, Marta; Jimenez-Arenas, Pol; Samarra, Anna; Martínez-Costa, Cecilia; Collado, Maria Carmen; Gascon, Mireia

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.119283

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 82 publications

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“…Mechanistically, potential pathways underlying these associations include capacity instoration (e.g., encouraging physical activity and increasing social cohesion), harm mitigation (e.g., improving air quality, reducing noise, and dissipating heat, reducing exposure to air pollution, noise, and heat), capacity restoration (e.g., reducing stress and renewing attention) and immunity improvement (e.g., by enriching the microbiome) (Bowyer et al, 2022;Cruells et al, 2024;Markevych et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenome-wide association study of pregnancy exposure to green space and placental DNA methylation

Aguilar-Lacasaña,

Cosin-Tomas,

Raimbault

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Maternal exposure to green space during pregnancy has been associated with lower risk for adverse birth outcomes; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), might be one of the molecular mechanisms contributing to this association. The placenta is the key organ for foetal growth and development, but studies of prenatal green space exposure and placental DNAm are scarce and have not been conducted on a genome-wide scale. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between exposure to green space during pregnancy and epigenome-wide placental DNAm. This study was conducted in 550 mother-child pairs from the Barcelona Life Study Cohort (BiSC), a population-based birth cohort in Spain (2018-2021). We comprehensively assessed green space exposure during pregnancy as (i) residential surrounding greenness (satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in buffers of 100m, 300m and 500m), (ii) residential distance to the nearest major green space (meters), iii) use of green space (hours/week), and iv) visual access to greenery through home window (≥half of the view). Placental DNAm was measured with the EPIC array. To identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs), we fitted robust linear regression models adjusted for relevant covariates, while differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified using the dmrff method. After Bonferroni (BN) correction, cg14852540, annotated to SLC25A10 gene, was inversely associated with residential surrounding greenness within 500m buffer. Additionally, ten unique DMRs were associated with surrounding greenness within 300m and 500m, distance or visual access to green space. No associations were found for surrounding greenness within 100m or use of green space. Genes annotated to these loci are involved in transcriptional regulation, metabolism and mitochondrial respiration. Overall, we identified associations between prenatal green space exposure and DNAm levels in placenta. Further research is needed to validate these results and understand the underlying biological pathways.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenome-wide association study of pregnancy exposure to green space and placental DNA methylation

Aguilar-Lacasaña,

Cosin-Tomas,

Raimbault

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Modelling a Western Lifestyle in Mice: A Novel Approach to Eradicating Aerobic Spore-Forming Bacteria from the Colonic Microbiome and Assessing Long-Term Clinical Outcomes

Horwell,

Ferreira,

Hong

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Introduction: The environmentally acquired aerobic spore-forming (EAS-Fs) bacteria that are ubiquitous in nature (e.g., soil) are transient colonisers of the mammalian gastro-intestinal tract. Without regular exposure, their numbers quickly diminish. These species of bacteria have been suggested to be essential to the normal functioning of metabolic and immunogenic health. The modern Western lifestyle restricts exposure to these EAS-Fs, possibly explaining part of the pathogenesis of many Western diseases. To date, the only animal studies that address specific microbiome modelling are based around germ-free animals. We have designed a new animal model that specifically restricts exposure to environmental sources of bacteria. Methodology: A new protocol, termed Super Clean, which involves housing mice in autoclaved individually ventilated cages (IVCs), with autoclaved food/water and strict ascetic handling practice was first experimentally validated. The quantification of EAS-Fs was assessed by heat-treating faecal samples and measuring colony-forming units (CFUs). This was then compared to mice in standard conditions. Mice were housed in their respective groups from birth until 18 months. Stool samples were taken throughout the experiment to assess for abundance in transiently acquired environmental bacteria. Clinical, biochemical, histological, and gene expression markers were analysed for diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (the “diseases of the West”). Results: Our results show that stringent adherence to the Super Clean protocol produces a significantly decreased abundance of aerobic spore-forming Bacillota after 21 days. This microbiomic shift was correlated with significantly increased levels of obesity and impaired glucose metabolism. There was no evidence of colitis, liver disease or hypercholesterolaemia. Conclusions: This new murine model successfully isolates EAS-Fs and has potential utility for future research, allowing for an investigation into the clinical impact of living in relative hygienic conditions.

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The influence of pre- and postnatal exposure to air pollution and green spaces on infant’s gut microbiota: Results from the MAMI birth cohort study

Cited by 2 publications

References 82 publications

Epigenome-wide association study of pregnancy exposure to green space and placental DNA methylation

Epigenome-wide association study of pregnancy exposure to green space and placental DNA methylation

Modelling a Western Lifestyle in Mice: A Novel Approach to Eradicating Aerobic Spore-Forming Bacteria from the Colonic Microbiome and Assessing Long-Term Clinical Outcomes

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