The influence of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus perceived susceptibility patterns on sexual risk reduction for adolescent females

Kershaw, Trace; Ethier, Kathleen A.; Milan, Stephanie; Lewis, Judith A.; Niccolai, Linda M.; Meade, Christina S.; Ickovics, Jeannette R.

doi:10.1002/jcop.20056

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Individuals were categorized as having unprotected sex with a risky partner (unprotected sex with a risky partner vs. no unprotected sex with a risky partner) if they reported less than 100% condom use in the last 6 months with a partner who had any of the following characteristics: injection drug user, HIV positive, history of an STI, had sex with another person in the past 6 months. This measure has been shown to relate to perceived risk for STIs and risk perception groups (Kershaw et al, 2005;Kershaw, Ethier et al, 2003a;Kershaw, Niccolai et al, 2003b;Kershaw et al, 2003c). STI acquisition was assessed by a positive self-report response to being diagnosed with any of the following STIs in the past 6 months: chlamydia, trichomonas, genital herpes, genital warts or HPV, gonorrhea, or syphilis.…”

Section: Sexual Risk Behaviormentioning

confidence: 95%

Avoidance, Anxiety, and Sex: The Influence of Romantic Attachment on HIV-Risk among Pregnant Women

et al. 2006

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Most unprotected sex occurs in close relationships. However, few studies examine relational factors and sexual risk among high-risk populations. Romantic Attachment Theory states that individuals have cognitive working models for relationships that influence expectations, affect, and behavior. We investigated the influence of attachment avoidance and anxiety on sexual beliefs (e.g., condom use beliefs, self-efficacy), behavior (e.g., condom use, multiple partners, unprotected sex with risky partners), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among 755 high-risk, young pregnant women (ages 14-25) recruited from urban prenatal clinics. Attachment anxiety predicted sexual beliefs, condom use, and unprotected sex with risky partners controlling for demographic variables. Sexual beliefs did not mediate the relationship between attachment orientation and sexual behavior. Current relationship with the father of the baby did mediate the effect of attachment anxiety on multiple partners and STIs. Results indicate the importance of including general relational factors, such as attachment, in HIV prevention.

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Section: Sexual Risk Behaviormentioning

confidence: 95%

Avoidance, Anxiety, and Sex: The Influence of Romantic Attachment on HIV-Risk among Pregnant Women

et al. 2006

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“…30–32 Results showed good internal consistency across all time points (α M = 0.83; range = 0.82–0.85).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pregnancy as a Window of Opportunity for HIV Prevention: Effects of an HIV Intervention Delivered Within Prenatal Care

et al. 2009

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Objectives We sought to determine whether an HIV prevention program bundled with group prenatal care reduced sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence, repeat pregnancy, sexual risk behavior, and psychosocial risks. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial at 2 prenatal clinics. We assigned pregnant women aged 14 to 25 years (N=1047) to individual care, attention-matched group care, and group care with an integrated HIV component. We conducted structured interviews at baseline (second trimester), third trimester, and 6 and 12 months postpartum. Results Mean age of participants was 20.4 years; 80% were African American. According to intent-to-treat analyses, women assigned to the HIV-prevention group intervention were significantly less likely to have repeat pregnancy at 6 months postpartum than individual-care and attention-matched controls; they demonstrated increased condom use and decreased unprotected sexual intercourse compared with individual-care and attention-matched controls. Sub-analyses showed that being in the HIV-prevention group reduced STI incidence among the subgroup of adolescents. Conclusion HIV prevention integrated with prenatal care resulted in reduced biological, behavioral, and psychosocial risks for HIV.

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“…Furthermore, it also suggests STD prevention programs are needed for young non-parenting couples because relationships do not seem as protective for this group. Helping young couples assess risk within the context of a relationship, and improve relationship communication and attachments may facilitate risk reduction (Kershaw et al 2005, 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let’s stay together: relationship dissolution and sexually transmitted diseases among parenting and non-parenting adolescents

Kershaw

Ethier²,

Niccolai

et al. 2010

J Behav Med

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Relationships influence sexual risk and maternal-child health. Few studies have assessed relationship dissolution and its association with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among adolescent parents. Our study aimed to describe relationship dissolution among 295 parenting and non-parenting adolescents over an 18-month period and how it related to STD incidence. Results showed that nonparenting adolescents in a relationship with someone other than their baby’s father were more likely to have a relationship dissolution over an 18-month period compared to those in a relationship with the baby’s father (OR = 1.69, P < .05). Parenting adolescents who ended their relationship with their baby’s father were 3 times more likely to get an STD over the course of the study compared to parenting adolescents who remained with their baby’s father (39% vs. 13%). Comparatively, non-parenting adolescents who ended their relationship were only 1.4 times more likely to get an STD compared to non-parenting adolescents who remained with their partner (44% vs. 32%). Our results suggest that prevention programs that incorporate male partners and components that strengthen relationship skills may reduce HIV/STD risk and help adolescents adapt during times of transition such as parenthood.

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The influence of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus perceived susceptibility patterns on sexual risk reduction for adolescent females

Abstract: Ⅲ Risky sexual behavior can lead to pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Avoidance, Anxiety, and Sex: The Influence of Romantic Attachment on HIV-Risk among Pregnant Women

Avoidance, Anxiety, and Sex: The Influence of Romantic Attachment on HIV-Risk among Pregnant Women

Pregnancy as a Window of Opportunity for HIV Prevention: Effects of an HIV Intervention Delivered Within Prenatal Care

Let’s stay together: relationship dissolution and sexually transmitted diseases among parenting and non-parenting adolescents

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