The influence of processing corn grain on glucose metabolism in ewes

Landau, S.; Nitsan, Zafrira; Zoref, Zipora; Madar, Z

doi:10.1051/rnd:19920302

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In these conditions, the irreversible glucose loss rate is the rate at which glucose leaves the sampled compartment never to return to that compartment, while the glucose entry rate is the rate of entry of glucose into the sampled compartment [56]. A combination of data from publications which compared different types of tracers [27,28,43] showed that on average glucose entry rates are 40% higher than the irreversible glucose loss rates.…”

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous survey of the literature specifically indicated that the inclusion of maize in the diet improves glucose turnover. With maize based diets, rich in bypass starch, absorbed glucose may contribute to glucose turnover to a variable but sometimes to a considerable extent (up to 60% [23,27,31]). In beef steers fed dry-rolled sorghum, it was evaluated that glucose absorption from starch intestinal digestion could account on average for a third of the glucose metabolism [6].…”

Section: Glucose Precursors and Glucose Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The objectives of the present paper were to review and quantitatively determine the influence of the nutritional factors on whole body glucose turnover in growing and adult non-productive ruminants. A meta-analysis approach was used. The dietary grain: forage ratio significantly increased the slope of the relationship between glucose turnover and metabolisable energy intake. This effect was probably associated with the inclusion of maize rather than any other grain source in the diet. The analysis pointed out the possible differences in response between growing and adult non-productive animals, and suggested that the performance level of the animals (and their glucose requirements) could contribute to regulating whole body glucose turnover. This aspect would warrant further investigation.whole-body glucose turnover / meta-analysis / ovines / bovines

show abstract

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucose Precursors and Glucose Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Levels Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Landau et al (1992) found that the ruminal digestion of corn fed to sheep was 60% to 70% for whole grain and 78% to 80% for cracked grain. The starch not digested in the rumen passed to the intestine where it was mostly digested and could account for up to 50% of the glucose available in sheep fed whole or cracked maize (Landau et al, 1992). The resistance of the starch in maize to fermentation in the rumen makes this grain a potentially useful source of energy for feeding in the last week of pregnancy, especially if the starch that passes from the rumen is digested to glucose in the small intestine.…”

Section: Levels Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Colostrum production in ewes: a review of regulation mechanisms and of energy supply

Banchero

Milton

Lindsay

et al. 2015

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In sheep production systems based on extensive grazing, neonatal mortality often reaches 15% to 20% of lambs born, and the mortality rate can be doubled in the case of multiple births. An important contributing factor is the nutrition of the mother because it affects the amount of colostrum available at birth. Ewes carrying multiple lambs have higher energy requirements than ewes carrying a single lamb and this problem is compounded by limitations to voluntary feed intake as the gravid uterus compresses the rumen. This combination of factors means that the nutritional requirements of the ewe carrying multiple lambs can rarely be met by the supply of pasture alone. This problem can overcome by supplementation with energy during the last week of pregnancy, a treatment that increases colostrum production and also reduces colostrum viscosity, making it easier for the neonatal lamb to suck. In addition, litter size and nutrition both accelerate the decline in concentration of circulating progesterone that, in turn, triggers the onsets of both birth and lactogenesis, and thus ensures the synchrony of these two events. Furthermore, the presence of colostrum in the gut of the lamb increases its ability to recognize its mother, and thus improves mother-young bonding. Most cereal grains that are rich in energy in the form of starch, when used as supplements in late pregnancy will increase colostrum production by 90% to 185% above control (unsupplemented) values. Variation among types of cereal grain in the response they induce may be due to differences in the amount of starch digested post-ruminally. As a percentage of grain dry matter intake, the amount of starch entering the lower digestive tract is 14% for maize, 8.5% for barley and 2% for oats. Supplements of high quality protein from legumes and oleiferous seeds can also increase colostrum production but they are less effective than cereal grains. In conclusion, short-term supplementation before parturition, particularly with energy-rich concentrates, can improve colostrum production, help meet the energy and immunological requirements for new-born lambs, and improve lamb survival.

show abstract

“…Sheep fed maintenance level rations containing whole corn grain, which is moderately degradable in the rumen, had higher GER than sheep fed iso-energetic rations containing highly degradable extruded corn grain [8]. However, quite surprisingly, feeding extruded corn grain -at twice the maintenance level -to ewes bearing twin lambs during late pregnancy resulted in higher lamb birth-weights than feeding whole corn grain [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The influence of extruding corn grain on glucose metabolism in pregnant ewes

Landau

Nitsan²,

Zoref³

et al. 1999

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Glucose metabolism was studied in 31 pregnant ewes fed mixtures (50:50) of chopped alfalfa hay and corn grain given in whole (HWC) or extruded form (HEC). Number of fetuses was 1 (n = 10), 2 (n = 11) or 3 (n = 10). Diets were supplied at three dietary levels: maintenance (1.0 M), 1.25x maintenance ( I .25 M) or twice maintenance (2.0 M). Glucose metabolism was estimated by a double isotope dilution procedure at days 97-121 of pregnancy. Glucose entry rate (GER) was higher (P < 0.04), and glucose irreversible loss rate (GILR) tended to be higher (P < 0.07) in ewes given HEC than HWC. Dietary level (P < 0.001) and the number of fetuses (P < 0.005) affected GER and GILR positively. These results provide a probable explanation for higher birth weights previously found in lambs born to HEC-, compared with HWC-fed dams. © Inra/Blsevier, Paris. sheep / ewe / glucose metabolism / pregnancy Résumé ― Influence de l'extrusion de maïs sur les concentrations de glucose chez la brebis gestante. Le métabolisme du glucose a été étudié chez 31 brebis gestantes qui ont reçu un mélange (50:50) de foin de luzerne et de grain de maïs distribué entier (HWC) ou extrude (HEC). Le nombre des foetus était 1 (n = 10), 2 (n = 11) ou 3 (n = 10). Les rations ont été distribuées à trois niveaux d'alimentation : entretien (1,0 M), 1,25 x entretien (1,25 M) ou 2 x entretien (2,0 M). Le

show abstract

The influence of processing corn grain on glucose metabolism in ewes

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

Colostrum production in ewes: a review of regulation mechanisms and of energy supply

The influence of extruding corn grain on glucose metabolism in pregnant ewes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About