The Influence of Psychologic Factors Upon Gastro-Intestinal Disturbances: A Symposium

Alexander, Franz

doi:10.1080/21674086.1934.11925219

Cited by 163 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…A new breed of psychologists, physiologists, psychoanalysts and physicians including Water Cannon, Walter C. Alvarez and Franz Alexander insisted that the gastric patient’s emotional state needed to be considered when diagnosing and treating, that digestive disorder often had psychic roots and that conditions such as ulcers had psychological aspects due to the dynamic inter-relation between mind and body [48–50]. This was in line with a renewed interest in holistic thinking which eagerly incorporated factors such as the emotions and psyche into the study and care of individuals [51].…”

Section: Psychologies Of the Stomachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut–brain axis: historical reflections

Miller

2018

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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The gut–brain axis and the microbiome have recently acquired an important position in explaining a wide range of human behaviours and emotions. Researchers have typically presented developments in understandings of the microbiome as radical and new, offering huge potential for better understandings of our bodies and what it means to be human. Without refuting the value of this research, this article insists that, traditionally, doctors and patients acknowledged the complex interactions between their guts and emotions, although using alternative models often based on nerves or psychology. For example, nineteenth-century doctors and patients would have been well acquainted with the idea that their stomachs and minds were somehow connected, and that this interaction could produce positive or negative physical and mental health impacts.To demonstrate this, this article offers a snapshot of medical and public thought on (what we currently call) the gut–brain axis in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, using Britain as a key case study due to the prevalence of gastric problems in that country. It commences by exploring how nineteenth-century doctors and patients took for granted the intimate relations between gut and mind and used their ideas on this to debate personal health, medical theory and social and political discourse. The article then moves on to argue that various medical sub-disciplines emerged (anatomy, physiology, surgery) that threatened to reduce the stomach to a physiologically complex organ but, in doing so, inadvertently began to erase ideas of a gut–mind connection. However, these new models proved unsatisfactory, allowing more holistic ideas of the body–mind relationship to continue to carry currency in twentieth-century psychological and medical thought. In the late century, pharmacological developments once again threatened to minimise the gut–brain axis, before it once again became popular in the early twenty-first century, now debated through a new language of microbiology.

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Section: Psychologies Of the Stomachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut–brain axis: historical reflections

Miller

2018

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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“…Важно отметить, что ни принадлежность к определен-ной нозологической группе, как указывают некоторые ав- торы [14], ни схожесть социальных условий среды [10], ни индивидуально-типологические особенности пациента [13] изолированно сами по себе не являются прогности-ческими критериями развития личности. По отдельности каждый из них не позволяет установить траекторию пси-хического развития ребенка и содержание индивидуаль-ной программы помощи.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Вместе с тем приверженность современных иссле-дователей к изучению психологических особенностей пациентов отдельных нозологических групп, отсут-ствие учета взаимодействия биологического и соци-ального факторов в формировании детской личности (состояния здоровья, тяжести и прогноза болезни; социальной ситуации, возрастных и индивидуальных потребностей пациентов) обусловили наличие в ли-тературе фрагментарных и разрозненных сведений о психологическом состоянии и адаптивных возможно-стях маленьких пациентов в ситуации болезни [13][14][15]. Это препятствует разработке алгоритма комплексной психолого-педагогической помощи детям в процессе лечения [16][17][18].…”

Section: обоснованиеunclassified

The Study of Psychological Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Digestive Diseases

et al. 2015

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“…Farmer (195h) stated that reflex action resulting from a distended colon could cause biliary spasm while Alexander (1934), Carter et al, (1939), and Lockwood (1948) have all reported on the psychosomatic aspects of biliary spasm.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%