The Influence of Pupal Age on Sensitivity to Radiation

Ducoff, Howard S.; Bosma, Gayle C.

doi:10.2307/1539693

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition, when young pupae were used, the impact of insect sterility could be achieved at a lower dose, but pupae mortality was considerable. As a result, using older pupae for irradiation would be a more cost-effective way to increase insect pupae survival after irradiation ( Bushland and Hopkins, 1951 ; Ouye et al, 1964 ; Ducoff and Bosma, 1966 ). Among the numerous studies on irradiation-induced sterility in S. litura , few have focused on the effect of X-rays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of X-ray irradiation on development, flight, and reproduction of Spodoptera litura

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Spodoptera litura is an omnivorous pest that has spread globally. Because irradiation sterilization technology has a great potential for control of S. litura, the effect of 25–150 Gy doses of X-rays on pupal survival, flight and reproductive variables of adult moths were analyzed in this research. The X-ray irradiation with the dose of 25–150 Gy significantly affected the reproductive ability of females. Irradiating male pupae with 25–150 Gy doses of X-rays had no effect on mating, life span, or flight ability of adult moths, but significantly reduced survival and fecundity of their offspring, and the sterility rate of the F1 generation was 52.65%–99.9%. The results of logistic curve fitting showed that the sterility impact was 84% at the most appropriate irradiation dose (71.26 Gy). The sterility control was 91% in an indoor mating competition experiment when the release ratio of irradiated males (75 Gy) to nonirradiated males reached 12.6:1. The effects of X-ray irradiation doses on biological variables of S. litura and the most effective release ratio determined here provide a theoretical foundation for using radiation sterilization technology to control S. litura.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of X-ray irradiation on development, flight, and reproduction of Spodoptera litura

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…Irradiation of insect larvae may lead to one or more of a number of responses in addition to simple lethality. These include delay in pupation (Bourgin, Krumins & Quastler, 1956), developmental abnormalities in the adult (Villee, 1946; Waddington, 1942; Ducoff & Bosma, 1966), death during the pupal stage or failure of emergence (Vinson, London0 & Bartlett, 1969), and imaginal death soon after eclosion (Yang & Ducoff, 1969). The relationships between these responses and larval death are not clear, and differ among the various orders ; furthermore, few investigations have furnished data on all of these responses.…”

Section: Acute Lethality In Irradiated Insects ( I ) the Time-course mentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Death in Irradiated Adult Insects

Ducoff¹

1972

Biological Reviews

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Summary 1. Irradiation of adult insects of many orders leads to their death. There is considerable evidence that such death occurs during a limited time period, both the beginning and duration of which are relatively independent of the dose over a wide range. This suggests the operation of a specific lethal syndrome. In other groups of insects, particularly Diptera and many moths, either the absence of somatic‐cell division or the short life of the imago prevents the development of this syndrome. These latter groups require much higher doses of radiation for the induction of demonstrable mortality, and the time‐course of mortality is closely related to the size of the dose. 2. Superficially, at least, radiation death of adult Diptera is comparable to that of supralethally irradiated insects of the taxa which exhibit the specific lethal syndrome after lower doses. There are some observations suggesting that the nervous system becomes involved after these high doses, just as there are for mammals exposed to high doses. 3. There is also some evidence, very convincing in itself, although available only from a small number of experiments, that the specific syndrome observed after lower lethal or mid‐lethal doses is a consequence of damage to the midgut, particularly to its regenerative cells. This clearly is analogous to the intestinal syndrome of mammals; as in the mammal, the processes which intervene between the cellular damage and the death of the organism remain in the realm of conjecture or controversy. This appears to be one of several areas in which more detailed investigation of the radiobiological phenomenon is certain to provide valuable information on normal physiological activities. 4. The response of insects differs greatly from that of mammals in that effects on disease‐resistance mechanisms, both cellular and humoral, are not prominent. The dose required for unequivocal demonstration of such effects may be greater than the dose required to produce lethality. If endogenous infection contributes to lethality after irradiation of otherwise healthy insects, there is, as yet, no convincing evidence for it. Nevertheless, radiation may provide a useful tool for probing the mechanisms of disease resistance of insects, and for examining the regulation and the kinetics of haemocyte formation. In addition, irradiated insects might be used to select virulent strains of potential insect pathogens. 5. Quantitative information on the response of insect cells, either in situ or in zlitro, is virtually non‐existent. Insect eggs have been used in a few investigations of cellular phenomena in radiation biology, but the only data applicable to dose‐response relationships are those of Murakami (1969, 1970), who has taken advantage of the synchronous division that occurs during the early embryonic development of Bombyx mori. The usefulness of insect cell‐cultures in delineating growth requirements and in propagating viruses has attracted far more attention than their potential for radiobiological investigations and other st...

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“…Comparison of the radiosensitivity of two or more species of insects is difficult because age has a great influence on radiation-induced effects. For example, Ducoff and Bosma ( 1966) and Ducoff ( 1967) working with pupae and adults, respectively, of Tribolium ccmfusum Jacquelin duVal showed that radiation effects are influenced by pupal age and adult age. Menhinick and Crossley (1968) reported that radiosensitivity of Tenebrio molitor L. larvae is dependent upon age; Jayaraman and Ducoff (1970), however, did not report such an effect in their study of the same species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%