The influence of raw material characteristics on the industrial pelletizing process and pellet quality

From a single pellet press to a bench scale pellet mill — Pelletizing six different biomass feedstocks

“…The effect of raw material moisture content on the pelletizing process and pellet quality has been previously studied [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Stelte et al [40] found the optimum moisture content for densification of beech and spruce in a single pellet press to be about 10 wt.% and Nielsen et al [41] for pine about 6-8 wt.% also in a single pellet press.…”

Evaluation, ranking and positioning of measurement methods for pellet production

“…The temperature of the finished pellets is high, and pellets are in a fragile state in this condition. Pelletability and combustion properties are decisively influenced by the raw material parameters and the production processes, too [3][18] [19] [20].…”

“…In thermogravimetric analysis [36], it was investigated whether these effects are causing a change in the chemical composition of the raw material and the pellet produced therefrom. Since the temperature of the machined material typically does not exceed the degradation temperature of its main components, there is no significant difference between the raw material and the chemical composition of the finished product, which means that the composition of the finished product can be predicted with great precision [19] [31].…”

Biomass‐Based Energy Production

“…its fatty and resin acid content stabilized) after 12 weeks of storage [7]. These compounds have significant effects on pellet production, and pellets made from mature sawdust often exhibit superior durability [8].…”