The influence of selected factors on the immunogenicity of preventive vaccinations against hepatitis A, B and influenza in solid organ transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy – a review

Ginda, Tomasz; Taradaj, Karol; Kociszewska-Najman, Bozena

doi:10.1080/14760584.2022.2027241

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, recipients of SOT were excluded from the initial licensing trials of these vaccines. Kidney transplant recipients (KTR), who undergo pharmacological immunosuppression as basic therapy to prevent transplant rejection, are at risk of a defective response to vaccination, as already occurs with other vaccines ( 8 ). In contrast to immunocompetent participants in vaccine trials ( 9 ), a low proportion of SOT recipients mount a positive antibody response to the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of mTOR inhibitor in the cellular and humoral immune response to a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2023

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BackgroundImmunocompromised patients have an increased risk of developing severe COVID disease, as well as a tendency to suboptimal responses to vaccines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the specific cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses of a cohort of kidney transplant recipients (KTR) after 3 doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine and to determinate the main factors involved.MethodsProspective observational study in 221 KTR (149 non infected), 55 healthy volunteers (HV) and 23 dialysis patients (DP). We evaluated anti-spike (by quantitative chemiluminescence immunoassay) and anti-nucleocapsid IgG (ELISA), percentage of TCD4+ and TCD8+ lymphocytes producing IFNγ against S-protein by intracellular flow cytometry after Spike-specific 15-mer peptide stimulation and serum neutralizing activity (competitive ELISA) at baseline and after vaccination.ResultsAmong COVID-19 naïve KTR, 54.2% developed cellular and humoral response after the third dose (vs 100% in DP and 91.7% in HV), 18% only showed cell-mediated response, 22.2% exclusively antibody response and 5.6% none. A correlation of neutralizing activity with both the IgG titer (r=0.485, p<0.001) and the percentage of S-protein–specific IFNγ–producing CD8-T cells (r=0.198, p=0.049) was observed. Factors related to the humoral response in naïve KTR were: lymphocytes count pre-vaccination >1000/mm3 [4.68 (1.72-12.73, p=0.003], eGFR>30 mL/min [7.34(2.72-19.84), p<0.001], mTOR inhibitors [6.40 (1.37-29.86), p=0.018]. Infected KTR developed a stronger serologic response than naïve patients (96.8 vs 75.2%, p<0.001).ConclusionsKTR presented poor cellular and humoral immune responses following vaccination with mRNA-1273. The immunosuppression degree and kidney function of these patients play an important role, but the only modifiable factor with a high impact on humoral immunogenicity after a booster dose was an immunosuppressive therapy including a mTOR inhibitor. Clinical trials are required to confirm these results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of mTOR inhibitor in the cellular and humoral immune response to a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, knowing whether vaccination schedules in this group of children should be implemented the same or differently from the common immunization calendar is essential. In the literature so far, only a few papers have been published comparing the immunogenicity of vaccination in children of organ recipient mothers which concerned the response to vaccination against selected viral and bacterial diseases [ 16 , 17 ]. The conclusions of the papers were based on studies conducted on small groups of patients, and each time the authors stressed the need for expanded studies on larger, more representative groups of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Development of Post-Vaccination Immunity against Selected Bacterial Diseases in Children of Post-Solid-Organ-Transplant Mothers

Ginda,

Taradaj,

Tronina

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Pregnancy after organ transplantation is considered high-risk and requires supervision in specialized centers. The impact of immunosuppression on the developing fetus is still the subject of research. It has been shown that it affects lymphocyte populations in the first year of life. For this reason, researchers suggest postponing mandatory infant vaccinations. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of intrauterine exposure of the fetus to immunosuppression on the immunogenicity of protective vaccinations against selected bacterial pathogens. The ELISA method was used to determine the concentration of post-vaccination IgG antibodies against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, tuberculosis, H. influenzae type B, and S. pneumoniae in 18 children of mothers who underwent organ transplantation. The results were compared with the control group (n = 21). A comparison of the incidence of adverse post-vaccination reactions between the analyzed groups was also performed. There were no statistically significant differences in the immunogenicity of the analyzed vaccines between children of mothers who underwent organ transplantation and the age-matched general pediatric population. There were no differences in the incidence of adverse post-vaccination reactions between the analyzed groups. The obtained results do not indicate the need to modify the current protective vaccination schemes against bacterial pathogens in children of mothers who underwent organ transplantation.

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Side effects of vaccines

Tom-Brophy,

Konopnicki,

Ambler

et al. 2023

Side Effects of Drugs Annual

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The influence of selected factors on the immunogenicity of preventive vaccinations against hepatitis A, B and influenza in solid organ transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy – a review

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Role of mTOR inhibitor in the cellular and humoral immune response to a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients

Role of mTOR inhibitor in the cellular and humoral immune response to a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients

Evaluation of the Development of Post-Vaccination Immunity against Selected Bacterial Diseases in Children of Post-Solid-Organ-Transplant Mothers

Side effects of vaccines

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