The influence of sex and self-control on the efficacy of nudges in lowering the energy content of food during a fast food order

Mohr, Bernhard; Dolgopolova, Irina; Roosen, Jutta

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2019.06.006

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In another study, high diet self-efficacy of older female adolescents was linked to the lowest fat and sodium levels [ 10 ]. Similar findings have been reported for females ordering fewer dishes with high-calories, whereas males were found to be non-responsive in terms of changing their choices regarding calories, following a technology-based intervention [ 49 ]. There are sex differences in the perception of and satisfaction with body weight, with females seeing themselves as being overweight, whereas males are more likely to view themselves as underweight and want to be heavier and more muscular [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Adolescent Self-Efficacy for Diet and Exercise Following a School-Based Multicomponent Lifestyle Intervention

et al. 2021

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Self-efficacy is perhaps the most important parameter associated with behavioral changes. The main aim of this study was to provide insight into the diet and exercise self-efficacy of Greek adolescents and how they could be modified via a multilevel multicomponent school-based lifestyle intervention. Secondary aims were to study the associations of students’ dietary and exercise self-efficacy indices with their anthropometric and sociodemographic parameters. A representative sample of the adolescent population in Attica, consisting of 1610 adolescents aged 12–17 years, recruited from 23 public high schools in three municipalities of the Attica area in Greece, received a three-component lifestyle educational intervention for health promotion and underwent screening for characteristics of metabolic syndrome with the use of portable telemedicine. All assessments and anthropometric measurements were performed at baseline and after the 6-month intervention. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Assessment tools included the Self-efficacy for Diet and the Self-efficacy for Exercise questionnaires, as well as the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in Children and Adolescents (KIDMED). Analysis included 1020 adolescent students (421 males and 599 females), who completed the self-efficacy questionnaires pre- and post-intervention. Overall, the dietary (p < 0.001) and exercise (p < 0.001) self-efficacy increased significantly post-intervention. Post-intervention, all adolescents decreased their abdominal obesity indices (WC, WHtR, WHR), and this improvement was even more pronounced and significant (p = 0.019, p = 0.019, p = 0.023 respectively) in the adolescents with overweight/obesity. Post-intervention, the proportion of adolescents with normal weight increased from 73.9% to 78.6%, whereas the proportion of adolescents with overweight and obesity decreased from 20.4% to 15.9% and from 5.7% to 5.5%, respectively. Abdominal obesity also decreased from 10.4% to 9.0%. Female adolescents achieved significantly (p = 0.010) higher changes in diet self-efficacy than males. Other sociodemographic characteristics such as family structure, parental age, parental educational level and family income showed non-significant differences. Adolescents with higher KIDMED scores manifested significantly higher dietary and exercise self-efficacy than those with lower KIDMED scores. Both adolescents with normal weight and overweight/obesity manifested a reciprocal relation between diet and exercise self-efficacy. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions in the school environment may provide a first step in students’ behavior changes and provide grounds for future prevention programs in youth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Adolescent Self-Efficacy for Diet and Exercise Following a School-Based Multicomponent Lifestyle Intervention

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to the influential factors on nudge acceptance proposed by Hagman [ 25 ], several other influences on nudge acceptance have been assessed so far: culture [ 23 , 26 ], political opinions [ 27 , 28 ], individual preferences and habits [ 29 , 30 ], disclosure of the nudge’s purpose [ 31 , 32 ], and psychological factors such as personality traits [ 28 ]. Still, other influential factors such as personal characteristics may exist [ 33 , 34 ]. Consequently, we argue that other influential factors on nudge acceptance exist as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research focus is often limited to aspects of the nudge itself or to the choice architects applying the nudge [ 41 ]. Individual psychological factors should be considered when designing nudges [ 34 ], for example, by making certain options in a decision-making context more accessible [ 2 ]. Certain psychological factors such as an individual’s autonomous motivation have been associated with nudge acceptance, revealing that individuals are more likely to accept nudges that target behavior for which they show autonomous motivation [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are You “Nudgeable”? Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Healthy Eating Nudges in a Cafeteria Setting

Kawa

Gijselaers

Nijhuis

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Research has identified nudging as a promising and effective tool to improve healthy eating behavior in a cafeteria setting. However, it remains unclear who is and who is not “nudgeable” (susceptible to nudges). An important influencing factor at the individual level is nudge acceptance. While some progress has been made in determining influences on the acceptance of healthy eating nudges, research on how personal characteristics (such as the perception of social norms) affect nudge acceptance remains scarce. We conducted a survey on 1032 university students to assess the acceptance of nine different types of healthy eating nudges in a cafeteria setting with four influential factors (social norms, health-promoting collaboration, responsibility to promote healthy eating, and procrastination). These factors are likely to play a role within a university and a cafeteria setting. The present study showed that key influential factors of nudge acceptance were the perceived responsibility to promote healthy eating and health-promoting collaboration. We also identified three different student clusters with respect to nudge acceptance, demonstrating that not all nudges were accepted equally. In particular, default, salience, and priming nudges were at least moderately accepted regardless of the degree of nudgeability. Our findings provide useful policy implications for nudge development by university, cafeteria, and public health officials. Recommendations are formulated for strengthening the theoretical background of nudge acceptance and the susceptibility to nudges.

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“…Furthermore, it is imperative to provide consumers with calorie information of food items, allow them to access such data at the time of food selection and make it easier for them to estimate the calorie content (Chernev and Chandon, 2015). An interactive system of calorie estimation (Mohr et al , 2019) or the traffic light labeling of fast food calorie (Montandon and Colli, 2016) could be used with personalized coupons to provide consumers with accurate calorie information of their menu choices and further encourage them to switch to healthier options.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized coupons for lower-calorie fast-food choices among young German adults and the influence of consumers' nutritional attitudes on promotion effectiveness

Nguyen

Emberger‐Klein

Menrad

2020

BFJ

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PurposePersonalized price promotion (PPP) is a marketing instrument that addresses the limitations of untargeted promotions by tailoring the offers to individual customers based on their purchase histories. Current evidence on PPP is limited to its immediate effects on buying behaviors at grocery stores and food companies' economic benefits. Moreover, little is known about the role of consumer characteristics in determining how effectively this promotional tool works. Hence, we aim to assess the effectiveness of PPP in promoting healthy fast food and which consumer-specific factors affect its performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of personalized and non-personalized coupons for lower-calorie fast food menus on food and calorie selection. The coupon personalization is based on participants' menu choices, calorie needs and deal proneness. The authors additionally investigate how post-intervention changes are influenced by consumers' estimation of their selected calories, and their attitudes toward nutrition.FindingsRecipients of personalized incentives are more likely than participants in the control group to redeem the offered coupons, select more healthy items and reduce their selected calories. Such changes are less likely among participants underestimating the calorie content of their menu choices and perceiving higher barriers to healthy eating. Personalized coupons perform better even among subjects receiving lower discounting levels than the control treatment.Originality/valueAs the first to evaluate the effectiveness of PPP in encouraging healthy food choices, this study highlights the potential of this cutting-edge price intervention and provides valuable implications for future research.

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The influence of sex and self-control on the efficacy of nudges in lowering the energy content of food during a fast food order

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Adolescent Self-Efficacy for Diet and Exercise Following a School-Based Multicomponent Lifestyle Intervention

Adolescent Self-Efficacy for Diet and Exercise Following a School-Based Multicomponent Lifestyle Intervention

Are You “Nudgeable”? Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Healthy Eating Nudges in a Cafeteria Setting

Personalized coupons for lower-calorie fast-food choices among young German adults and the influence of consumers' nutritional attitudes on promotion effectiveness

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