The influence of sleep quality on smoking cessation in socioeconomically disadvantaged adults

Peltier, MacKenzie R.; Lee, Jiesu; Ma, Ping; Businelle, Michael S.; Kendzor, Darla E.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.11.004

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…4 In adults, transitioning from “adequate” to “inadequate” sleep duration over a period of 5 years predicted heavier smoking 5 and preexisting insomnia symptoms increased the likelihood of relapse after an attempt to quit smoking. 6 Chronotype—being a “morning” versus an “evening” person—has also been linked to smoking such that smokers are more likely to be an evening person. 7 This is in contrast to evidence suggesting that young adolescents with an evening chronotype show a lower odds of smoking initiation 4–5 years later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Genetic Correlations and Bidirectional, Causal Effects Between Smoking and Sleep Behaviors

Gibson

Munafò

Taylor

et al. 2018

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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Introduction Cigarette smokers are at increased risk of poor sleep behaviors. However, it is largely unknown whether these associations are due to shared (genetic) risk factors and/or causal effects (which may be bidirectional). Methods We obtained summary-level data of genome-wide association studies of smoking (smoking initiation [ n = 74 035], cigarettes per day [ n = 38 181], and smoking cessation [ n = 41 278]) and sleep behaviors (sleep duration and chronotype, or “morningness” [ n = 128 266] and insomnia [ n = 113 006]). Using linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression, we calculated genetic correlations between smoking and sleep behaviors. To investigate causal effects, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR), both with summary-level data and individual-level data ( n = 333 581 UK Biobank participants). For MR with summary-level data, individual genetic variants were combined with inverse variance–weighted meta-analysis, weighted median regression, MR-Robust Adjusted Profile Score, and MR Egger methods. Results We found negative genetic correlations between smoking initiation and sleep duration ( r g = −.14, 95% CI = −0.26 to −0.01) and smoking cessation and chronotype ( r g = −.18, 95% CI = −0.31 to −0.06), and positive genetic correlations between smoking initiation and insomnia ( r g = .27, 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.49) and cigarettes per day and insomnia ( r g = .15, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.28). MR provided strong evidence that smoking more cigarettes causally decreases the odds of being a morning person, (RAPS) and weak evidence that insomnia causally increases smoking heaviness and decreases smoking cessation odds. Conclusions Smoking and sleep behaviors show moderate genetic correlation. Heavier smoking seems to causally affect circadian rhythm and there is some indication that insomnia increases smoking heaviness and hampers cessation. Our findings point to sleep as a potentially interesting smoking treatment target. Implications Using LD score regression, we found evidence that smoking and different sleep behaviors (sleep duration, chronotype (morningness), and insomnia) are moderately genetically correlated—genetic variants associated with less or poorer sleep also increased the odds of smoking (more heavily). MR analyses suggested that heavier smoking causally affects circadian rhythm (decreasing the odds of being a morning person) and there was some indication that insomnia increases smoking heaviness and hampers smoking cessation. Our findings indicate a complex, bidirectional relationship between smoking and sleep behaviors and point to sleep as a potentially interesting smoking treatm...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Genetic Correlations and Bidirectional, Causal Effects Between Smoking and Sleep Behaviors

Gibson

Munafò

Taylor

et al. 2018

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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“…Night-time smoking, a frequent cause of disrupted and shortened sleep, occurs in approximately 41% of smokers (Scharf, Dunbar, & Shiffman, 2008). Unhealthy sleep before and during cessation have been implicated as an independent cause of relapse (Peltier, Lee, Ma, Businelle, & Kendzor, 2017). While insomnia is a clinically verified withdrawal symptom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitioning from adequate to inadequate sleep duration associated with higher smoking rate and greater nicotine dependence in a population sample

Patterson

Grandner

Lozano

et al. 2018

Addictive Behaviors

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Introduction Inadequate sleep (≤6 and ≥9 h) is more prevalent in smokers than non-smokers but the extent to which sleep duration in smokers relates to smoking behaviors and cessation outcomes, is not yet clear. To begin to address this knowledge gap, we investigated the extent to which sleep duration predicted smoking behaviors and quitting intention in a population sample. Methods Data from current smokers who completed the baseline (N=635) and 5-year follow-up (N=477) assessment in the United Kingdom Biobank cohort study were analyzed. Multivariable regression models using smoking behavior outcomes (cigarettes per day, time to first cigarette, difficulty not smoking for a day, quitting intention) and sleep duration (adequate (7–8 h) versus inadequate (≤6 and ≥9 h) as the predictor were generated. All models adjusted for age, sex, race, and education. Results Worsening sleep duration (adequate to inadequate) predicted a more than three-fold higher odds in increased cigarettes per day (OR =3.18; 95% CI =1.25–8.06), a more than three-fold increased odds of not smoking for the day remaining difficult (OR =3.90; 95% CI =1.27–12.01), and a > 8-fold increased odds of higher nicotine dependence (OR= 8.98; 95% CI =2.81–28.66). Improving sleep duration (i.e., inadequate to adequate sleep) did not predict reduced cigarette consumption or nicotine dependence in this population sample. Conclusion Transitioning from adequate to inadequate sleep duration may be a risk factor for developing a more “hard-core” smoking profile. The extent to which achieving healthy sleep may promote, or optimize smoking cessation treatment response, warrants investigation.

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“…Overall, the differences in sleep quality between smokers and nonsmokers, and the effects of smoking cessation in the current study were moderate compared to previous studies that were conducted on samples of older adults (usually mean age ≥40 compared to 24.7 in the current study). Specifically, these studies usually reported lower subjective sleep quality among active smokers compared to nonsmokers and following abstinence from smoking [5,7,10]. In addition, in studies using PSG or actigraphy, the poorer sleep of smokers was reflected not only by reduced sleep continuity but also by increased sleep onset latency and/or decreased total sleep time [28,33,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, deterioration in sleep quality is considered among the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and is often reported during smoking cessation [2,8]. Notably, sleep disturbances before and during smoking cessation were found to be associated with failure to quit and with eventual relapse [9,10].…”

Section: The Effect Of Smoking Cessation On Sleep Patterns Of Young Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Smoking Cessation on Sleep Patterns of Young Adults

Cohen¹,

Haimov²

2018

J Sleep Disord Ther

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Objective: The role of sleep quality in tobacco dependence of young adults, a population in which the prevalence of smoking is highest, is largely unknown. The current study aimed at examining whether the sleep quality of smokers, measured subjectively (the Mini Sleep Questionnaire; MSQ) and objectively (actigraphy) is worse than that of nonsmokers and further deteriorates during one week of abstinence from smoking (i.e., first stage of cessation). Methods: Forty-six young (19-28 years old) volunteers, of them were 26 nonsmokers (73.1% women) and 20 were regular smokers (75% women) smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day. The participants completed the Brief Questionnaire on Smoking Urges, the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ). Their sleep was then monitored objectively for one week using an actigraph. Subsequently, the participants of the smokers group ceased smoking and their sleep was monitored via actigraphy during the first week of smoking abstinence. At the end of the week they again completed the FTND and the MSQ. Results: Self-reported sleep quality did not differ between the groups. However, actigraphy data pointed to lower sleep continuity in smokers compared to nonsmokers as reflected by increased wake time after sleep onset (WASO) and nighttime awakenings. Total sleep time and sleep onset latency did not differ between the groups. During the week of abstinence sleep continuity further deteriorated as reflected by increases in WASO and in the number of awakenings, and a reduction in sleep efficiency. At the end of the week of abstinence the severity of self-reported symptoms of insomnia predicted urge to smoke. Conclusion: Young adult smokers have lower sleep continuity compared to nonsmokers and their sleep difficulties worsen during smoking cessation. The findings suggest that interventions intended to promote sleep quality could serve as adjunct treatment for smoking cessation.

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The influence of sleep quality on smoking cessation in socioeconomically disadvantaged adults

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Evidence for Genetic Correlations and Bidirectional, Causal Effects Between Smoking and Sleep Behaviors

Evidence for Genetic Correlations and Bidirectional, Causal Effects Between Smoking and Sleep Behaviors

Transitioning from adequate to inadequate sleep duration associated with higher smoking rate and greater nicotine dependence in a population sample

The Effect of Smoking Cessation on Sleep Patterns of Young Adults

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