The influence of sodium bromide in man: A study in human volunteers with special emphasis on the endocrine and the central nervous system

Sangster, B.; Blom, J.L.; Sekhuis, V.M.; Loeber, J.G.; Rauws, A. G.; Koedam, J. C.; Krajnc, E.I.; Logten, M.J. van

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(83)90095-9

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[32][33][34][35][36] In humans, the biological half-life of Br 2 is 12 days 37 and it behaves similarly to Cl 2 , by replacing it in the extracellular fluids with little evidence of accumulation in other organs. 38 Conversely, iodide is preferentially metabolized in the thyroid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium phosphate cements with strontium halides as radiopacifiers

et al. 2013

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High radiopacity is required to monitor the delivery and positioning of injectable implants. Inorganic nonsoluble radiopacifiers are typically used in nondegradable bone cements; however, their usefulness in resorbable cements is limited due to their low solubility. Strontium halides, except strontium fluoride, are ionic water-soluble compounds that possess potential as radiopacifiers. In this study, we compare the radiopacity, mechanical properties, composition, and cytotoxicity of radiopaque brushite cements prepared with strontium fluoride (SrF 2 ), strontium chloride (SrCl 2 Á6H 2 O), strontium bromide (SrBr 2 ), or strontium iodide (SrI 2 ). Brushite cements containing 10 wt % SrCl 2 Á6H 2 O, SrBr 2 , or SrI 2 exhibited equal to or higher radiopacity than commercial radiopaque cements. Furthermore, the brushite crystal lattice in cements that contained the ionic radiopacifiers was larger than in unmodified cements and in cements that contained SrF 2 , indicating strontium substitution. Despite the fact that the strontium halides increased the solubility of the cements and affected their mechanical properties, calcium phosphate cements containing SrCl 2 Á6H 2 O, SrBr 2 , and SrI 2 showed no significant differences in Saos-2 cell viability and proliferation with respect to the control. Strontium halides: SrCl 2 Á6H 2 O, SrBr 2 , and SrI 2 may be potential candidates as radiopacifiers in resorbable biomaterials although their in vivo biocompatibility, when incorporated into injectable implants, is yet to be assessed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium phosphate cements with strontium halides as radiopacifiers

et al. 2013

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“…In a 12-week study with healthy human volunteers, taking bromide at 4 or 9 mg kg À1 body weight per day, females of the high-dose group showed a slight but significant increase in serum T 4 and triiodothyronine (T 3 ), whereas no such changes were observed in male subjects (Sangster et al 1983). However, in an additional study (Van Gelderen et al 1993) these results were questioned.…”

Section: Effects Of Organic and Inorganic Bromides On Humansmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, in general, the natural bromide content will be low. From many measurements of bromide in human blood, with mean bromide levels ranging from 3.5 to 4.9 mg kg À1 whole blood (Hamilton et al 1972, Stump et al 1977) and slightly higher plasma levels (Sangster et al 1983), it can be concluded that these values are quite consistent and there is a relatively small variation. In general, marine plants are richer in bromine than land plants.…”

Section: 343mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The short-term toxicity of bromide also appeared to be low. The most striking effects of bromide on the endocrine system were found on the thyroid gland and the gonads (Loeber et al 1983). A significant growth retardation, particularly in male rats of the high-dose group was observed in a 90-day toxicity study, also confirming the earlier mentioned symptoms of experimental bromide intoxication (Van Logten et al 1974).…”

Section: Effects Of Organic and Inorganic Bromides On Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a 4-week toxicity study with rats fed 300, 1200, 4800 or 19200 mg NaBr kg À1 diet, Van Logten and co-workers (1973) observed motor incoordination of the hind legs, depressed grooming, and an increase in relative kidney weight only in the highest-dose group. These phenomena were accompanied by a decrease in serum thyroxine (T 4 ), indicating a typical hypothyroidism induced by bromide (Van Leeuwen et al 1983, Loeber et al 1983, Pavelka et al 2002. No changes in kidney function or morphology were observed, but a remarkable complex of presumably related changes in the endocrine system induced by bromide was reported.…”

Section: Effects Of Organic and Inorganic Bromides On Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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