The influence of soil type and interspecific competition on the fine root system of Norway spruce and European beech

Schmid, I.

doi:10.1078/1439-1791-00116

Cited by 123 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While we are aware of no study that has compared fine root production in mixed and monospecific forest stands, a number of investigations found a higher fine root biomass in mixed stands (Schmid 2002;Schmid and Kazda 2002); others, however, reported no differences or the opposite (Morgan et al 1992;Hendriks and Bianchi 1995;Hertel 1999;Bauhus et al 2000;Leuschner et al 2001;Bolte and Villanueva 2006). Most of these studies referred to twospecies stands, while species-rich forests have only rarely been investigated for their root systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence of spatial root system segregation and elevated fine root biomass in multi-species temperate broad-leaved forests

Meinen

Leuschner

Ryan

et al. 2009

Trees

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Differences in spatial rooting patterns among coexisting species have been recognized as an important mechanism for generating biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning. However, it is not yet clear whether complementarity in root space exploration is a universal characteristic of multi-species woody communities. In a temperate broad-leaved forest with a mosaic of speciespoor and species-rich stands, we tested two hypotheses related to putative below-ground 'overyielding' in more diverse forests, (1) that species mixture results in a partial spatial segregation of the fine root systems of different species, and (2) that stand fine root biomass increases with tree species diversity. We investigated 12 stands either with one, three, or five dominant tree species (4 replicate stands each) under similar soil and climate conditions for stand fine root biomass and spatial root segregation in vertical and horizontal direction in the soil. Fine roots of different tree species were identified using a morphological key based on differences in colour, periderm surface structure, and branching patterns. In species-poor and species-rich stands, and in all tree species present, fine root density (biomass per soil volume) decreased exponentially with soil depth at very similar rates. Stand fine root biomass in the densely rooted upper soil (0-40 cm depth) was not significantly different between stands with 1, 3 or 5 dominant tree species. We conclude that 'below-ground overyielding' in terms of higher fine root biomasses in species-rich stands as compared to monospecific ones does not occur in these broad-leaved forests which most likely results from a missing complementarity in vertical rooting patterns of the present tree species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence of spatial root system segregation and elevated fine root biomass in multi-species temperate broad-leaved forests

Meinen

Leuschner

Ryan

et al. 2009

Trees

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“…However, there was a significant relationship between pine fine root biomass and the C/N ratio in the soil organic layer ( Figure 3). Košir (1976), Kraigher (1997Kraigher ( , 1999, Kraigher et al (1996), Kutnar et al (2002), Leuschner & Hertel (2003), Murach (1984), Schmid (2002), Vilhar & Kraigher (1999) Temperate Pinus Helmisaari et al (2002, 2007), Mälkö nen (1974, Mamayev (1977Mamayev ( , 1986, Persson (1979), Vanninen & Mäkelä (1999) The fine root biomass of beech decreased with stand age and that of pine increased with stand age in the temperate zone ( Figure 4). There was one exceptionally old beech stand in the data.…”

Section: Stand Level Fine Root Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in fine root biomass of three European tree species: Beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.), Norway spruce (Picea abiesL. Karst.), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.)

Finér¹,

Helmisaari²,

Lõhmus

et al. 2007

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

204

129

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Fine roots (52 mm) are very dynamic and play a key role in forest ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling and accumulation. We reviewed root biomass data of three main European tree species European beech, (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), in order to identify the differences between species, and within and between vegetation zones, and to show the relationships between root biomass and the climatic, site and stand factors. The collected literature consisted of data from 36 beech, 71 spruce and 43 pine stands. The mean fine root biomass of beech was 389 g m 72, and that of spruce and pine 297 g m 72 and 277 g m 72 , respectively. Data from pine stands supported the hypothesis that root biomass is higher in the temperate than in the boreal zone. The results indicated that the root biomass of deciduous trees is higher than that of conifers. The correlations between root biomass and site fertility characteristics seemed to be species specific. There was no correlation between soil acidity and root biomass. Beech fine root biomass decreased with stand age whereas pine root biomass increased with stand age. Fine root biomass at tree level correlated better than stand level root biomass with stand characteristics. The results showed that there exists a strong relationship between the fine root biomass and the above-ground biomass.

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“…Vertical stratification of beech and spruce fine root systems was found in the mixed stand due to a shift in beech fine roots from upper to lower soil layers (Bolte, Villanueva 2006). On the other hand, spruces had the shallower fine root systems in mixed stand (with beech) compared to pure spruce stand (Schmid 2002;Schmid, Kazda 2002). Rötzer et al (2009) found significant changes of above and belowground biomass of spruce and beech when temperature and radiation were increased additionally to decreased precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Thinning experiment in the spruce and beech mixed stands on the locality naturally dominated by beech - growth, litter-fall and humus

Novák¹,

Slodičák²

2009

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:In 1997, long-term thinning experiment Všeteč in Southern Bohemia was established in the young 19-year-old mixed beech and spruce stand. Three variants (0.10 ha each) were investigated: 1 -control unthinned plot (only salvage cut was done), 2 -plot with positive selection from above and 3 -plot with negative selection from below. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the first results from the eleven-year investigation (at the age of 19-29 years) focused on the effect of thinning on growth, species composition, litter-fall and humus in young mixed stands in this experiment. Thinning (both variants) resulted in decreased salvage cut (dead, broken and uprooted trees). Continual diminishing of spruce portion (started quickly after dry season in 2003 on control unthinned plot) was slow or soft on both thinned plots. Annual litter-fall in experimental young spruce and beech mixed stands at the age of 27-29 years varied from 4.6 to 5.5 thousand kg/ha and dry biomass of humus horizons L, F and H represented altogether approximately 91 and 128 thousand kg/ha on plots 3 and 1, respectively (plot 2 was omitted from this part of investigation).

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The influence of soil type and interspecific competition on the fine root system of Norway spruce and European beech

Cited by 123 publications

References 28 publications

No evidence of spatial root system segregation and elevated fine root biomass in multi-species temperate broad-leaved forests

No evidence of spatial root system segregation and elevated fine root biomass in multi-species temperate broad-leaved forests

Variation in fine root biomass of three European tree species: Beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.), Norway spruce (Picea abiesL. Karst.), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.)

Thinning experiment in the spruce and beech mixed stands on the locality naturally dominated by beech - growth, litter-fall and humus

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