The influence of stimulus attributes on duration matching-to-sample in pigeons

Kraemer, Philipp J.; Randall, Christopher K.; Brown, Russell W.

doi:10.3758/bf03199052

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, it was also noted that empirical findings have often differed from that theoretical figure (Kraemer et al, 1995;Kraemer et al, 1997). It was suggested earlier that a better estimate of the unbiased effect of the manipulation represented by the present study would be the mean of the 4-sec choose-short effect and 8-sec choose-long effect because the expected grouping effect for the two kinds of test trial should be in the opposite direction.…”

Section: Testingmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Although the subjective midpoint of a temporal discrimination is typically close to the geometric mean of the two training durations, some variability has been found when the brightness or hue of the timed stimuli are manipulated (Kraemer, Brown, & Randall, 1995;Kraemer, Randall, & Brown, 1997). If we can assume that whatever deviation from the geometric mean would be similar for the 2-8 sec discrimination and the 4-16 sec discrimination, then the proposed design controls for those deviations because the proposed grouping effects would be expected to bias the pigeons to choose short on 4-sec sample test trials and to choose long on 8-sec sample test trials.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pigeons group time intervals according to their relative duration

Zentall

Weaver

Clement

2004

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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Section: Testingmentioning

confidence: 50%

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confidence: 99%

Pigeons group time intervals according to their relative duration

Zentall

Weaver

Clement

2004

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…However, in most cases, the data are collapsed across the samples because the effect of brightness is not of central interest. To our knowledge, the research that came closest to testing the question of interest here was performed by Kraemer, Randall, and Brown (1997). They used both long and short samples of both a bright white light and a dim red light.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stimulus salience and asymmetric forgetting in the pigeon

Wixted

Gaitan

2004

Learning & Behavior

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Pigeons were trained using a symbolic delayed matching-to-sample procedure involving bright versus dim houselight samples. We hypothesized that when sample stimuli differ in salience, increasing the size of the retention interval will affect performance on trials initiated by the more salient sample only. In agreement with this prediction, accuracy following the dim sample did not decline as the retention interval increased, whereas accuracy following the bright sample declined to well below 50% correct. In a second experiment, the less salient (dim) sample from Experiment 1 was arranged as the more salient sample in a sample/no-sample procedure. Accuracy on dim sample trials then declined to well below 50% correct as the retention interval increased, whereas accuracy on no-sample trials remained constant. The results suggest that when sample stimuli differ in salience, pigeons may transform the nominal discrimination task into a detection task in which they respond on the basis of the presence or absence of the more salient sample.

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“…Although Mantanus (1981) reported that pigeons' temporal discriminations were more accurate with filled intervals than with empty intervals, the interpretation of this effect is ambiguous because of a number of design and general test procedure problems, which were described by Kraemer, Randall, and Brown (1997). In order to address these concerns, Kraemer et al (1997) conducted a study in which pigeons were trained to discriminate either filled intervals (light present) or empty intervals (light absent). They found that pigeons judged the duration of a filled interval to be longer than that of an empty interval of equivalent physical duration.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Perception of Empty and Filled Time Intervals by Pigeons

Miki

Santi

2005

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B

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Pigeons were trained in a within-subjects design to discriminate durations of a filled interval (2 s and 8 s of light) and durations of an empty interval (2 s and 8 s bound by two 500-ms light markers). Filled intervals required a response to one set of comparisons (e.g., blue vs. yellow), whereas empty intervals required a response to a different set of comparisons (e.g., red vs. green). Psychophysical testing indicated that empty intervals were judged to be longer than equivalent durations of a filled interval. This finding was replicated when the anchor durations used during training were changed to 1 s and 4 s, or 4 s and 16 s. The difference between the point of subjective equality (PSE) for the empty intervals and the PSE for filled intervals increased as the magnitude of the anchor duration pairs increased. In addition, the difference limens (DL) for empty intervals were smaller than those for filled intervals, and they also increased as the magnitude of anchor duration pairs increased. An analysis of the Weber fractions (WF; i.e., DL/PSE) provided evidence for superimposition of the empty and filled timing functions across the different sets of anchor durations. These results suggest that the accumulation of subjective time was greater for empty intervals than for filled intervals. Within the framework of scalar timing theory, this difference in timing appeared to be the result of a clock rate difference rather than a switch latency difference.The ability of humans and animals to perceive and remember time has often been investigated with a temporal bisection procedure. In this procedure, subjects are trained to choose between two responses ("short" or "long") following one of two training durations. Once a high level of accuracy is achieved, intermediate durations are introduced, but responses on these trials are not reinforced. From this procedure, a psychophysical function can be generated, and the point of subjective equality (PSE) can be calculated. The PSE is the value on the time dimension at which the subject displays indifference between choosing the "short" or the "long" response. Although studies with animals (Church & Deluty, 1977;Gibbon, 1986)

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The influence of stimulus attributes on duration matching-to-sample in pigeons

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Pigeons group time intervals according to their relative duration

Pigeons group time intervals according to their relative duration

Stimulus salience and asymmetric forgetting in the pigeon

The Perception of Empty and Filled Time Intervals by Pigeons

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