The influence of Streptococcus mutans on adhesion of Candida albicans to acrylic surfaces in vitro

Branting, Christina; Sund, Marie‐Louise; Linder, Lars

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(89)90108-8

Cited by 69 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Given that C. albicans has efficient adherence mechanisms, its colonization of the oral environment might represent a predisposing factor favoring its interaction with S. mutans, as has been suggested by several authors (1,23,26,35). Most studies on the in vitro interaction between two microorganisms use either reference strains or isolates from different hosts (6,(24)(25)(26). The use of isolates from hosts colonized by both microorganisms can be a starting point to future findings in specific populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Barbieri¹,

Vicente²,

Fraiz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro adherence capacity of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Adherence assays were conducted on dental surfaces and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Extracted human teeth were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans or Candida albicans and with both species simultaneously, and incubated at 37ºC for 21 days. Bacterial inocula had been obtained from saliva samples of children that had been colonized by both organisms. ATCC reference strains were used as controls. SEM analyses showed that the biofilm that covered the entire analyzed dental surface was more homogeneous inoculated with the two microorganisms simultaneously than with each species separately. In a second experiment, carried out with isolates that had shown the highest adherence the isolates were tested for adherence to high-density polyethylene substrates. The potentialization of the adherence capacity of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans when in association was confirmed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Barbieri¹,

Vicente²,

Fraiz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Beads of crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) have been used in adhesion assays as a model for studying microbial adhesion to tooth surfaces (Clark et al, 1978 growth conditions for the bacteria, however, can affect co-adherence (Richards and Russell, 1987;Millsap et al, 1998), and some assays do not take into account the kinetics associated with the larger size of yeast cells (Millsap et al, 1998). Colonizing acrylic with oral streptococci in the presence, but not in the absence, of sucrose enhanced binding of C. albicans (Richards and Russell, 1987;Branting et al, 1989). C. albicans bound in greater numbers to acrylic pieces coated with S. sanguis, S. mutans, or S. sobrinus than to uncoated acrylic, but in this case, pre-incubation of the bacteria with sucrose to induce synthesis of extracellular polymers did not increase binding (Vasilas et al, 1992).…”

Section: Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Colonization By Candida Albicans

Cannon

Chaffin

1999

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

277

193

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Candida albicans is a commensal yeast normally present in small numbers in the oral flora of a large proportion of humans. Colonization of the oral cavity by C. albicans involves the acquisition and maintenance of a stable yeast population. Micro-organisms are continually being removed from the oral cavity by host clearance mechanisms, and so, in order to survive and inhabit this eco-system, C. albicans cells have to adhere and replicate. The oral cavity presents many niches for C. albicans colonization, and the yeast is able to adhere to a plethora of ligands. These include epithelial and bacterial cell-surface molecules, extracellular matrix proteins, and dental acrylic. In addition, saliva molecules, including basic proline-rich proteins, adsorbed to many oral surfaces promote C. albicans adherence. Several adhesins present in the C. albicans cell wall have now been partially characterized. Adherence involves lectin, protein-protein, and hydrophobic interactions. As C. albicans cells evade host defenses and colonize new environments by penetrating tissues, they are exposed to new adherence receptors and respond by expressing alternative adhesins. The relatively small number of commensal Candida cells in the oral flora raises the possibility that strategies can be devised to prevent oral colonization and infection. However, the variety of oral niches and the complex adherence mechanisms of the yeast mean that such a goal will remain elusive until more is known about the contribution of each mechanism to colonization.

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“…When sucrose is available, the surface-bound GtfB produces large amounts of glucans on the fungal surface. The glucans produced in situ provide enhanced binding sites for S. mutans, greatly promoting their adhesive interactions (Branting et al, 1989;Gregoire et al 2011) and the development of highly virulent cospecies biofilms in vivo (Falsetta et al 2014). Indeed, lack of gtfB expression by S. mutans impaired the ability of the bacterium to interact with C. albicans and form cospecies biofilms in the presence of sucrose (Falsetta et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding Force Dynamics of Streptococcus mutans–glucosyltransferase B to Candida albicans

et al. 2015

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Candida albicans cells are often detected with Streptococcus mutans in plaque biofilms from children affected with early childhood caries. The coadhesion between these 2 organisms appears to be largely mediated by the S. mutans-derived exoenzyme glucosyltransferase B (GtfB); GtfB readily binds to C. albicans cells in an active form, producing glucans locally that provide enhanced binding sites for S. mutans. However, knowledge is limited about the mechanisms by which the bacterial exoenzyme binds to and functions on the fungal surface to promote this unique cross-kingdom interaction. In this study, we use atomic force microscopy to understand the strength and binding dynamics modulating GtfB-C. albicans adhesive interactions in situ. Single-molecule force spectroscopy with GtfB-functionalized atomic force microscopy tips demonstrated that the enzyme binds with remarkable strength to the C. albicans cell surface (~2 nN) and showed a low dissociation rate, suggesting a highly stable bond. Strikingly, the binding strength of GtfB to the C. albicans surface was ~2.5-fold higher and the binding stability, ~20 times higher, as compared with the enzyme adhesion to S. mutans. Furthermore, adhesion force maps showed an intriguing pattern of GtfB binding. GtfB adhered heterogeneously on the surface of C. albicans, showing a higher frequency of adhesion failure but large sections of remarkably strong binding forces, suggesting the presence of GtfB binding domains unevenly distributed on the fungal surface. In contrast, GtfB bound uniformly across the S. mutans cell surface with less adhesion failure and a narrower range of binding forces (vs. the C. albicans surface). The data provide the first insights into the mechanisms underlying the adhesive and mechanical properties governing GtfB interactions with C. albicans. The strong and highly stable GtfB binding to C. albicans could explain, at least in part, why this bacterially derived exoenzyme effectively modulates this virulent cross-kingdom interaction.

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The influence of Streptococcus mutans on adhesion of Candida albicans to acrylic surfaces in vitro

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Oral Colonization By Candida Albicans

Binding Force Dynamics of Streptococcus mutans–glucosyltransferase B to Candida albicans

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