The influence of temperature on the functional response of the dragonfly Celithemis fasciata (Odonata: Libellulidae)

Gresens, Susan E.; Cothran, Marian L.; Thorp, James H.

doi:10.1007/bf00388999

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the Type II functional response characteristic of dragonfly nymphs (Gresens et al 1982, Cothran andThorp 1984) would not dampen oscillations in prey abundance. Moreover, we found no evidence of switching when Celithemis fasciata was given a choice between the midge Chironomus tentans and the cladoceran Daphnia magna (Cothran and Thorp 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From laboratory studies it is known that odonates exhibit a nonstabilizing, Type II functional response (sensu Holling 1959) to changes in prey density (e.g., Johnson 1973, Thompson 1975, Akre and Johnson 1979, Gresens et al 1982. The effects of dragonflies on prey density and species composition in the field have been examined in ponds (Benke 1976), large pens (Benke 1978), and small, submerged aquaria (Benke et al, in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Freshwater Community Structure at Multiple Intensities of Dragonfly Predation

Thorp¹,

Cothran²

1984

Ecology

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Abstract. We examined the role played by predaceous dragonfly nymphs, Celithemis fasciata (Odonata: Libellulidae), in the regulation of the community structure of a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage in Par Pond, an 1100-ha reservoir in South Carolina. Effects of predation intensity on species richness, evenness, and density were evaluated by adding zero, two, four, and eight large dragonfly nymphs (antepenultimate and penultimate instars) to previously sieved (0.85-mm mesh) bottom sediment containing benthic macroinvertebrates. Predator and prey assemblages were then placed in individual field microcosms that consisted of polyethylene trays surrounded by underwater screens (mesh <2 mm diagonally) and suspended 15 cm below floating platforms. Twelve replicates of each treatment level were run during each of three 6-wk experimental periods: April-May 1980, August-October 1980, and January-February 1981. In addition, colonization of microcosms by invertebrates was quantified, and samples from natural, unenclosed benthic fauna were collected seasonally along a transect for comparison with experimental assemblages. We tested whether predators enhanced, depressed, both increased and decreased, or had no effect on the complexity of the community structure. The dual effect of predation on community structure is predicted by ConnelPs "intermediate disturbance hypothesis."Results showed that dragonfly nymphs can significantly influence the structure of the benthic community. However, the results did not show that invertebrate predation is the sole or even the primary regulator of community structure. Species richness was significantly greater at intermediate treatment levels (thus supporting ConnelPs general hypothesis), but the increase was not great (a range of -10%). The mechanisms by which species richness is maximized at intermediate intensities of predation are not entirely evident, but are probably a combination of prey refuges and nonselective predation with patch switching. In contrast, species evenness, as measured by equitability and by Simpson's index, was greatest at the highest predation level (which does not support the intermediate disturbance hypothesis). Dragonflies appeared to exert a greater influence on prey density than on community diversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Freshwater Community Structure at Multiple Intensities of Dragonfly Predation

Thorp¹,

Cothran²

1984

Ecology

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“…The effects of varying temperature on the functional response of odonate larvae have been studied extensively in a number of species (Gresens et al 1982;Thompson 1978c). Higher temperatures result in an increase in the asymptotes of the type II functional response in Ischnura elegans.…”

Section: Ecology Trophic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was manifested in an increase in the attack coefficient and a decrease in handling time at higher temperatures (Thompson 1978c). The increased feeding rates at higher temperatures have also been linked to an increase in the rate of gut clearance at higher temperatures (Gresens et al 1982). Clearly an increase in feeding rate in a top predator in aquatic ecosystems (e.g.…”

Section: Ecology Trophic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of environmental warming on Odonata: a review

Hassall¹,

Thompson²

2008

International Journal of Odonatology

190

156

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Climate change brings with it unprecedented rates of increase in environmental temperature, which will have major consequences for the earth's flora and fauna. The Odonata represent a taxon that has many strong links to this abiotic factor due to its tropical evolutionary history and adaptations to temperate climates. Temperature is known to affect odonate physiology including life-history traits such as developmental rate, phenology and seasonal regulation as well as immune function and the production of pigment for thermoregulation.

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“…Data are means ± 1 SE ambient treatment in the presence of predators, the underlying mechanism can be explored by analyzing behavioral responses of tadpoles to increased predation risks. Previous studies showed that activity level and associated metabolic rate are higher at high temperatures (Gresens et al 1982;Jayakumar and Mathavan 1991). For example, Bailey (1988) found that notonectid swimming activity increased with temperature, and consistently an inverse relationship was found between temperature and gut clearance for Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Artificial warming increases size at metamorphosis in plateau frogs (Rana kukunoris) in the presence of predators

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2014

Aquat Ecol

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Global warming may induce significant changes in species life history traits particularly in amphibians, which are characterized by complex and plastic life cycles. Because both warming and predators are often suggested to reduce size at metamorphosis in amphibians, we hypothesized that the size at metamorphosis was further reduced by experimental warming in the presence of predators. We conducted a factorialdesigned experiment involving two factors and two levels (warmed vs. ambient, lethal predator absence vs. presence, resulting in four treatments) using Rana kukunoris tadpoles in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and we examined its behavioral, growth, and developmental responses to warming in the presence and absence of predatory beetles (Agabus sp.) for 13 weeks. During the course of the experiment, a similar level of tadpole mortality due to the diving beetles was found between ambient and warmed treatments, but the warming effect on size at metamorphosis depended on whether the predators were present or absent. In the absence of predators, warming did not significantly increase tadpole growth but advanced the timing of metamorphosis, such that size at metamorphosis of forelimb emergence and tail resorption was much reduced in terms of body fresh weight. In the presence of predators, warming increased tadpole growth rate much more than the development rate (as reflected by duration of the tadpole stage), and therefore the size at metamorphosis was significantly increased. The significant effect of the interaction between predator and warming on the size at metamorphosis could be attributed to the tadpole response in the frequencies of feeding, resting, and swimming to the predator activity level, which was in turn increased by warming. We suggest that warming-induced changes in life history traits should be studied in relation to species interaction so as to accurately predict ecological response of amphibians to the future warmed world.

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The influence of temperature on the functional response of the dragonfly Celithemis fasciata (Odonata: Libellulidae)

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Regulation of Freshwater Community Structure at Multiple Intensities of Dragonfly Predation

Regulation of Freshwater Community Structure at Multiple Intensities of Dragonfly Predation

The effects of environmental warming on Odonata: a review

Artificial warming increases size at metamorphosis in plateau frogs (Rana kukunoris) in the presence of predators

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