The Influence of Texture on the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Behavior in Fe20Cr4.5Al Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Alloy

Abstract

This paper reports on hardness, tensile properties and notch impact bending toughness values of an Fe20Cr4.5Al oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy specifically processed to achieved different preferential orientations: random, <100>, <110> and <111> parallel to the bar axis. In spite of the differences in the grain size, it was found for <100>, <111> and random orientations that the mean hardness values on the transverse cross sections is not remarkably sensitive to the texture. On the other hand, a significantly different mean hardness value for the material having the <110> crystalline orientation was found. Regarding the yield strength, it was found for random, <100> and <111> orientations that the yield strength is proportional to the Taylor’s factor. The difference between experimental and predicted yield strength values for <110> orientation was attributed to the offset effect induced by the dislocation cell size. The variation of the cleavage fracture strength with the texture was analyzed in the basis of two criteria: one based on the Normal Stress Law (macroscopic nature), and the other based on the assumption that fracture occurs from the propagation of a microcrack-like defect (microscopic nature). In this sense, it was concluded from the fractographic evidences that random and <100> orientations follow a mechanism where the fracture kinks along of the cleavage plane from a penny shaped microcrack nucleated in a second phase particle, meanwhile in the <110> and <111> orientations the fracture propagation arises from a penny shaped defect on the cleavage plane. Finally, the lower shelf values determined for the conditions studied are the same regardless of the texture and microstructure. The effect of texture on the notch toughness was noted where plastic flow predominates, i.e., in the ductile to brittle transition temperature and in the upper shelf energy.

Effect of Texture on the Ductile–Brittle Transition Range and Fracture Mechanisms of the Ultrafine-Grained Two-Phase Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy

“…However, in UFG Ti, the mutual compensation of the effects of elongated grains and texture eliminated the effect of the sample direction on the propagation of a fatigue crack [18]. It was noted in [19] that the anisotropy of impact toughness exhibits itself only in the temperature region of the brittle-ductile transition when, at a certain temperature (often at low and sub-zero temperatures), the impact toughness drops sharply. At the same time, the recent studies on the impact toughness of various metals and alloys processed by SPD demonstrate a decrease in the ductile-brittle transition range towards lower temperatures [20].…”