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Introduction: The posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) of knee joint is a ligament that runs posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and it is known that the height of the pMFL attachment site causes meniscus avulsion. Therefore, understanding the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the pMFL attachment site is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of meniscus disorders. However, the developmental process of pMFL has not been well investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze pMFL development in rat knee joints using 3D reconstructed images produced from episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC) images and examine its relationship with other knee joint components. Methods: Knee joints of Wistar rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E21 were observed with HE stained tissues. Serial EFIC images of the hindlimbs of E17-E21 were respectively captured, from which 3D images were reconstructed and the features of pMFL structure: length and angle, were measured. Besides, the chronological volume changes and the volume ratio of the knee joint components compared to E17 were calculated to identify the differences in growth by components. Results: pMFL was observed from E17 and was attached to the medial femoral condyle and lateral meniscus at all developmental stages, as in mature rats. The lack of marked variation in the attachment site and angle of the pMFL with the developmental stage indicates that the pMFL and surrounding knee joint components developed while maintaining their positional relationship from the onset of development. Conclusion: Current results may support to congenital etiology of meniscus disorder.
Introduction: The posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) of knee joint is a ligament that runs posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and it is known that the height of the pMFL attachment site causes meniscus avulsion. Therefore, understanding the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the pMFL attachment site is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of meniscus disorders. However, the developmental process of pMFL has not been well investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze pMFL development in rat knee joints using 3D reconstructed images produced from episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC) images and examine its relationship with other knee joint components. Methods: Knee joints of Wistar rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E21 were observed with HE stained tissues. Serial EFIC images of the hindlimbs of E17-E21 were respectively captured, from which 3D images were reconstructed and the features of pMFL structure: length and angle, were measured. Besides, the chronological volume changes and the volume ratio of the knee joint components compared to E17 were calculated to identify the differences in growth by components. Results: pMFL was observed from E17 and was attached to the medial femoral condyle and lateral meniscus at all developmental stages, as in mature rats. The lack of marked variation in the attachment site and angle of the pMFL with the developmental stage indicates that the pMFL and surrounding knee joint components developed while maintaining their positional relationship from the onset of development. Conclusion: Current results may support to congenital etiology of meniscus disorder.
Objective: The aim of this investigation was to examine normal intercondylar notch morphometry in Serbian population and to determine whether there are sex differences in anatomical parameters of the intercondylar notch among asymptomatic subjects without structural change. Method: The study included MR images of 90 patients (45 men and 45 women) receiving a 1,5-T knee scan at our radiological institute after the approval from ethics committee, which were taken in the period from 2010 to 2017. The knee was placed in neutral position, and MR images were obtained using conventional spin echo techniques. The morphology of the intercondylar notch (U- shaped and A-shaped notch) was measured for each knee. Results: The measurements of parameters for intercondylar notch geometry were obtained by analyzing coronal MR images. U-shaped intercondylar notch was found with 46 patients (51.2%) and A-shaped intercondylar notch with 44 (48.8%). There was no significant difference in the shape incidence in Serbian population (p>0.05). According to the notch width index (NWI) and the Notch shape index (NSI) criteria, we found U-shaped intercondylar notch with 24 men and 22 women and A-shaped intercondylar notch with 23 men and 21 women. There was no significant difference in incidence between the genders (p>0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that for all examined anatomical parameters of the intercondylar notch there were no significant differences in Serbian population. According to our findings in this study, we concluded that there was no sexual dimorphism for anatomical parameters of intercondylar notch in Serbian population.
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