The influence of the offside rule on players’ positional dynamics in soccer small-sided games

Praça, Gibson Moreira; Chagas, Mauro Heleno; Bredt, Sarah da Glória Teles; Andrade, André Gustavo Pereira de; Custódio, Igor Junio Oliveira; Rochael, Marcelo

doi:10.1080/24733938.2020.1819559

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, we acknowledge that this complexity must not be confounded with the difficulty of the task, as in smaller formats players can experience the need to play faster which can increase the number of errors. This task-complexity enhancement must be considered by coaches together with previously investigated constraints such as game rules (Machado, Ribeiro, et al, 2019), numerical superiority (Praça, Clemente, et al, 2017), presence and number of goals (Ometto, et al, 2018), the adoption of the offside rule (Praça, et al, 2021), and others to an adequate prescription.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, older players presented lower values of length than younger players in the current study. At this point, literature has showed that the offside rule constrains players' positioning during SSGs (Praça, et al, 2021) by reducing the in-length displacements. Therefore, the ability to understand the offside rule is likely to explain the current results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This teaching model is based on the players' exploration of possible solutions during representative tasks, mainly using small-sided games (SSGs) (Davids, Araújo, Correia & Vilar, 2013;Ibáñez, Pérez-Goye, García-Rubio & Courel-Ibáñez, 2020). Consequently, recent studies aimed to investigate how manipulating task constraints such as the pitch size (Moreira, et al, 2020;, the number of players (Folgado, Lemmink, Frencken & Sampaio, 2014), and specific rules (Praça, et al, 2021;Sousa, Bredt, Greco, Clemente, & Praça, 2019) shapes the behaviour of teams and players during SSGs. These data provide significant pieces of information for coaches to adequately plan tasks suitable for different aims and age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, the positional analysis, which refers to the analysis of players' occupation and space management on the pitch (Silva, Nguyen, Correia, Clemente, & Martins, 2019), provides resourceful pieces of information on both individual and collective scales. GPS devices are nowadays available and are used in both training and competition in soccer to gather positional data (Clemente, Afonso, et al, 2020;Praça, et al, 2021) as they provide reliable data on players' displacements (Tessaro & Williams, 2018). However, despite its usability for analyzing players' tactical positioning and moving, the majority of the liter-ature has so far focused on the physical variables (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…distances covered and accelerations) provided by such devices. On the other hand, by analysing the impact of changing task constraints on players' position on the pitch and providing coaches with these pieces of information, there is an expectation that the quality of the players' tactical development through training (Praça, et al, 2021), which is hugely important in youth soccer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulating the Pitch Size Constrains the Players’ Positioning during Unbalanced Soccer Small-Sided Games Played by Different Age Groups

Praça

Andrade

Abreu

et al. 2021

Kinesiology (Zagreb, Online)

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We aim to investigate the impact of variable soccer pitch sizes on the position of players during unbalanced small-sided games (SSGs) and compare the responses of players from two different age groups. Forty-eight young players (n = 24 under-13 and n = 24 under-14) took part in the study and played 3 vs. 3 + 1 SSGs on two different pitch sizes (smaller: 36 x 27 m / 139m2 per player; and larger: 40 x 29 m / 166 m2 per player). Players’ positions on the pitch (length, width, length-to-width ratio, stretching index, and spatial exploration index) were assessed by the positional data provided by global position system devices and were compared within age groups and between game formats using a two-way analysis of variance. Results showed higher values of spatial exploration index in the larger SSGs than in the smaller format (p<.001). Moreover, a higher length (p<0.001) and length-to-width ratio (p<.001) was observed in the younger group. Finally, the larger format presented higher values of SEI and stretching index, independent of the age group (p<.001). In the smaller format, U-14 players presented a higher stretching index, while in the larger format U-13 players presented higher values in the same variable. We conclude that enlarging the pitch size constrains players’ behaviour during SSGs, and older players are more able to deal with this more complex task context than younger ones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulating the Pitch Size Constrains the Players’ Positioning during Unbalanced Soccer Small-Sided Games Played by Different Age Groups

Praça

Andrade

Abreu

et al. 2021

Kinesiology (Zagreb, Online)

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Skill-related studies from youth to high-performance football: a scoping review

Sarajärvi,

Freitas,

Elovaara

et al. 2023

Ger J Exerc Sport Res

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Effects of short bout small-sided game training on acid-base balance markers in youth male soccer players

Kryściak¹,

Podgórski²,

Chmura

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to compare the effects of 1 × 1 small-sided games (SSGs) with different bout durations on external (ETL) and internal training loads (ITL) in youth soccer players. Twenty U18 players were divided into two groups performing six 1 × 1 SSGs with 30 and 45 s bout durations on a playing field of 10 by 15 m. ITL indices, including the percentage of maximum heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa) level, pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) level, and base excess (BE) level, were measured at rest, after each SSG bout, and 15 and 30 min after the entire exercise protocol. ETL (Global Positioning System metrics) was recorded during all six SSG bouts. The analysis showed that the 45 s SSGs had a greater volume (large effect) but a lower training intensity (small to large effect) than the 30 s SSGs. A significant time effect (p < 0.05) was observed in all ITL indices and a significant group effect (F1, 18 = 8.84, p = 0.0082, ƞ2 = 0.33) in the HCO3− level only. Finally, the changes in the HR and HCO3− level were smaller in the 45 s SSGs than in the 30 s SSGs. In conclusion, 30-s games, characterized by a higher intensity of training effort, are more physiologically demanding than 45-s games. Secondly during short-bout SSG training the HR and BLa level have limited diagnostic value for ITL. Extending ITL monitoring using other indicators, such as the HCO3− and BE levels, appears reasonable.

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The influence of the offside rule on players’ positional dynamics in soccer small-sided games

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Manipulating the Pitch Size Constrains the Players’ Positioning during Unbalanced Soccer Small-Sided Games Played by Different Age Groups

Manipulating the Pitch Size Constrains the Players’ Positioning during Unbalanced Soccer Small-Sided Games Played by Different Age Groups

Skill-related studies from youth to high-performance football: a scoping review

Effects of short bout small-sided game training on acid-base balance markers in youth male soccer players

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