The influence of thermal history on the dynamic mechanical and dielectric studies of polyetheretherketone exposed to water and brine

Boinard, E.; Pethrick, Richard A.; MacFarlane, C.J.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00259-1

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Consequently, it has been considered important to account for fluid exposure in biomechanical testing of PEEK composite materials for implants [5,59,60], especially if slight changes in weight are going to be used as a marker for material loss, as in a wear experiment. Water absorption in PEEK and carbon fiber composites follows an exponential relationship over time, consistent with a Type I Fickian diffusion process [57]. Presoaking specimens for 30 days has been estimated to account for 98% of fluid absorption by PEEK prior to conducting a long-term mechanical test [60].…”

Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 71%

“…PEEK has a water solubility of 0.5 w/w%, but as mentioned above is not chemically damaged by long-term water exposure, even at temperatures of up to 260°C [55][56][57]. Although PEEK itself is not susceptible to hydrolysis, concerns have been raised that interface between the polymer and reinforcements, such as carbon fiber, may be vulnerable to fluid environments in vivo [58].…”

Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although PEEK itself is not susceptible to hydrolysis, concerns have been raised that interface between the polymer and reinforcements, such as carbon fiber, may be vulnerable to fluid environments in vivo [58]. In addition, Boinard and coworkers have found evidence that water absorption may slightly reduce the crystallinity of PEEK [57]. Consequently, it has been considered important to account for fluid exposure in biomechanical testing of PEEK composite materials for implants [5,59,60], especially if slight changes in weight are going to be used as a marker for material loss, as in a wear experiment.…”

Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite early great interest in the mechanical properties of composite PEEK materials [79], it has been increasingly appreciated that the sensitivity of certain composite properties, especially fatigue and fracture behavior, is mechanistically governed by the micromechanics of the PEEK matrix and its interface with reinforcing fillers [80,81]. Like any semi-crystalline polymer, the mechanical behavior of PEEK is, generally speaking, influenced by both strain rate and temperature [57,80,[82][83][84]. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of PEEK can also be influenced by molecular weight as well as the size and orientation of the crystalline regions [84][85][86].…”

Section: Mechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of PEEK can also be influenced by molecular weight as well as the size and orientation of the crystalline regions [84][85][86]. As a consequence, previous studies exploring mechanical behavior of PEEK pay special attention to the resin employed (reflecting the molecular weight), temperature, strain rate, and the crystallinity of the samples employed [57,[82][83][84][85][86].…”

Section: Mechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants

Kurtz

Devine²

2007

Biomaterials

2,020

1,518

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Since the 1980s, polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) have been increasingly employed as biomaterials for trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants. We have synthesized the extensive polymer science literature as it relates to structure, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance of PAEK biomaterials. With this foundation, one can more readily appreciate why this family of polymers will be inherently strong, inert, and biocompatible. Due to its relative inertness, PEEK biomaterials are an attractive platform upon which to develop novel bioactive materials, and some steps have already been taken in that direction, with the blending of HA and TCP into sintered PEEK. However, to date, blended HA-PEEK composites have involved a trade-off in mechanical properties in exchange for their increased bioactivity. PEEK has had the greatest clinical impact in the field of spine implant design, and PEEK is now broadly accepted as a radiolucent alternative to metallic biomaterials in the spine community. For mature fields, such as total joint replacements and fracture fixation implants, radiolucency is an attractive but not necessarily critical material feature.

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Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Thermal and Radiation Stability: Implications Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants

Kurtz

Devine²

2007

Biomaterials

2,020

1,518

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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High‐strength poly(para‐phenylene) as an orthopedic biomaterial

Frick

DiRienzo

Hoyt

et al. 2013

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) exhibits exceptional mechanical strength, stiffness, toughness, and chemical inertness, although it is not currently used in any biomedical applications. The purpose of this study is to serve as a preliminary investigation into the potential of PPP as a biomaterial in orthopedic load-bearing applications. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis confirmed a polymer structure composed of an aromatic backbone and side groups. Tensile PPP specimens along with samples from several other polymers often used for orthopedic applications were elongated to failure after being soaked in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 1 h, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and more than 1 year. Results showed that PBS absorption of the PPP plateaued at 1 week at values of ∼0.7 wt % and remained within one standard deviation when soaked for over 1 year. PBS absorption did not affect elastic modulus (5.0 GPa), yield strength (141 MPa), fracture strength (120 MPa) and strain-to-failure (17%) more than one standard deviation. Zero-to-tension fatigue testing established an endurance limit of approximately 35 MPa, which was relatively insensitive to frequency (1-10 Hz). Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM) elution assay with fibroblasts confirmed that the PPP was noncytotoxic. Relative to other polymers used for load-bearing biomedical applications, PPP displays promising mechanical properties that remain stable in aqueous solution. Lastly, prototype PPP and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) bone plates were manufactured and tested, with the PPP plate showing a 38% higher maximum tensile load before failure.

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Morphological, dielectric, tunable electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal characteristics of multiwalled carbon nanotube incorporated polymer nanocomposites: A facile, environmentally benign and cost effective approach realized via polymer latex/waterborne polymer as matrix

et al. 2017

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Recent years have witnessed an increased interest in the designing of composite materials in an uncomplicated and economical route for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Herein we report a simple; user friendly and cost effective method comprising of aqueous emulsion of polypropylene (PP) being used as the polymer matrix to manufacture uniformly and efficiently dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) incorporated PP composites with excellent electrical conductivity and EMI shielding potential; making use of non‐conventional fabrication techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission SEM (FE‐SEM) analysis revealed the uniform distribution of MWCNT's throughout the PP matrix. The dielectric constant and ac conductivity of the 20 wt% MWCNT incorporated sample showcased few order magnitude increment with the ac conductivity reaching as high as ∼66 S/m. Exemplary EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of ∼57 dB (S band), ∼47 dB (X band), and ∼44 dB (Ku band) was achieved during this study over a broad range of microwave frequency. The composites illustrated marginally improved thermal stability compared to that of neat PP; and the onset crystallization and crystallization temperatures increased with increasing MWCNT concentration. This simple process can be utilized to prepare fine tuned composites/blends of polypropylene with nanofillers/incompatible polymers easily and effectively. Present work also suggests that designing polymer composites based on matrices dispersed in aqueous media is a promising approach to prepare nanocomposites with high filler loading and tunable properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E1169–E1183, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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The influence of thermal history on the dynamic mechanical and dielectric studies of polyetheretherketone exposed to water and brine

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants

PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and spinal implants

High‐strength poly(para‐phenylene) as an orthopedic biomaterial

Morphological, dielectric, tunable electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal characteristics of multiwalled carbon nanotube incorporated polymer nanocomposites: A facile, environmentally benign and cost effective approach realized via polymer latex/waterborne polymer as matrix

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