The influence of tillage on the structure of rhizosphere and root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Mirás-Avalos, José Manuel; Antunes, Pedro M.; Koch, Alexander; Khosla, Kamini; Klironomos, John N.; Dunfield, Kari E.

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.03.005

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Reduced cultivations, subsoiling and removing soil compaction will all help ensure well distributed root systems, promote stable mycorrhizal networks in soil and enhance the acquisition of legacy P (Lynch 2007;Miras-Avalos et al 2011;Shen et al 2013). Spatial variability in soil P within fields can be beneficially managed by more precise variable rate application techniques based on intensive soil sampling and sensor technology (Juang et al 2002;Scott Grandt et al 2010).…”

Section: Soil Crop and Nutrient Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food, bioenergy and water security

Rowe

Withers

Baas

et al. 2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

241

185

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Legacy phosphorus (P) that has accumulated in soils from past inputs of fertilizers and manures is a large secondary global source of P that could substitute manufactured fertilizers, help preserve critical reserves of finite phosphate rock to ensure future food and bioenergy supply, and gradually improve water quality. We explore the issues and management options to better utilize legacy soil P and conclude that it represents a valuable and largely accessible P resource. The future value and period over which legacy soil P can be accessed depends on the amount present and its distribution, its availability to crops and rates of drawdown determined by the cropping system. Full exploitation of legacy P requires a transition to a more holistic system approach to nutrient management based on technological advances in precision farming, plant breeding and microbial engineering together with a greater reliance on recovered and recycled P. We propose the term 'agro-engineering' to encompass this integrated approach. Smaller targeted applications of fertilizer P may still be needed to optimize crop yields where legacy soil P cannot fully meet crop demands. Farm profitability margins, the need to recycle animal manures and the extent of local eutrophication problems will dictate when, where and how quickly legacy P is best exploited. Based on our analysis, we outline the stages and drivers in a transition to the full utilization of legacy soil P as part of more sustainable regional and global nutrient management.

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Section: Soil Crop and Nutrient Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food, bioenergy and water security

Rowe

Withers

Baas

et al. 2015

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

241

185

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“…High land‐use intensity has been linked with low AM fungal diversity, based on studies of fungal spores (Boddington & Dodd, ; Oehl et al ., , , ; Bainard et al ., ) and the molecular diversity of AM fungi in soil (Lumini et al ., , ; Verbruggen et al ., ), although no changes in diversity have been observed in some cases (Jansa et al ., ; Mathimaran et al ., ). AM fungal community composition in soil has also been shown to change along gradients of land‐use intensity (studies of spores: Jansa et al ., ; Oehl et al ., , ; using molecular techniques: Lumini et al ., ; Miras‐Avalos et al ., ). Similarly, AM fungal communities associating with plant roots tend to exhibit low diversity in agricultural ecosystems with high land‐use intensity (Helgason et al ., ; Daniell et al ., ; Hijri et al ., ; Alguacil et al ., ; Lumini et al ., ; Schnoor et al ., ; Bainard et al ., ; although see Galvan et al ., ) and changes in community composition along gradients of land‐use intensity (Jansa et al ., ; Alguacil et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Miras‐Avalos et al ., ; Schnoor et al ., ; Bainard et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anthropogenic land use shapes the composition and phylogenetic structure of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Moora

Davison

Öpik

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

154

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in ecosystems, but little is known about how soil AM fungal community composition varies in relation to habitat type and land-use intensity. We molecularly characterized AM fungal communities in soil samples (n = 88) from structurally open (permanent grassland, intensive and sustainable agriculture) and forested habitats (primeval forest and spruce plantation). The habitats harboured significantly different AM fungal communities, and there was a broad difference in fungal community composition between forested and open habitats, the latter being characterized by higher average AM fungal richness. Within both open and forest habitats, intensive land use significantly influenced community composition. There was a broad difference in the phylogenetic structure of AM fungal communities between mechanically disturbed and nondisturbed habitats. Taxa from Glomeraceae served as indicator species for the nondisturbed habitats, while taxa from Archaeosporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae and Diversisporaceae were indicators for the disturbed habitats. The distribution of these indicator taxa among habitat types in the MaarjAM global database of AM fungal diversity was in accordance with their local indicator status.

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“…No-tillage (NT), which is a category of conservation tillage that causes the least soil disturbance and consequently has beneficial impacts on crop productivity, seems to be superior to tillage for increasing carbon (C) deposits in the soil (Alvear et al, 2005), and for conserving soil and water (Blanco-Canqui and Lal, 2008). However, NT may also affect soil microbial characteristics, including the species composition (Jansa et al, 2003) and root colonization (Mirás-Avalos et al, 2011) of AM fungi. A filament network of AM fungi that was left intact from the previous season can readily serve as AM inoculum and colonize the roots of post-harvest seedlings (Castillo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity, root colonization, and soil alkaline phosphatase activity in response to maize-wheat rotation and no-tillage in North China

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2015

J Microbiol.

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Monitoring the effects of no-tillage (NT) in comparison with conventional tillage (CT) on soil microbes could improve our understanding of soil biochemical processes and thus help us to develop sound management strategies. The objective of this study was to compare the species composition and ecological function of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi during the growth and rotation of crops under NT and CT. From late June 2009 to early June 2010, 32 topsoil (0-15 cm) samples from four individual plots per treatment (CT and NT) were collected at both the jointing and maturation stages of maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from a long-term experimental field that was established in an Aquic Inceptisol in North China in June 2006. The AM fungal spores were isolated and identified and then used to calculate species diversity indices, including the Shannon- Wiener index (H'), Evenness (E), and Simpson's index (D). The root mycorrhizal colonization and soil alkaline phosphatase activity were also determined. A total of 34 species of AM fungi within nine genera were recorded. Compared with NT, CT negatively affected the soil AM fungal community at the maize sowing stage, leading to decreases in the average diversity indices (from 2.12, 0.79, and 0.82 to 1.79, 0.72, and 0.74 for H', E, and D, respectively), root mycorrhizal colonization (from 28% to 20%), soil alkaline phosphatase activity (from 0.24 to 0.19 mg/g/24 h) and available phosphorus concentration (from 17.4 to 10.5 mg/kg) at the maize jointing stage. However, reductions in diversity indices of H', E, and D were restored to 2.20, 0.81, and 0.84, respectively, at the maize maturation stage. CT should affect the community again at the wheat sowing stage; however, a similar restoration in the species diversity of AM fungi was completed before the wheat jointing stage, and the highest Jaccard index (0.800) for similarity in the species composition of soil AM fungi between CT and NT was recorded at the wheat maturation stage. Our results also demonstrated that NT resulted in the positive protection of the community structure of AM fungi and played an important role in maintaining their functionality especially for maize seedlings.

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The influence of tillage on the structure of rhizosphere and root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Cited by 53 publications

References 42 publications

Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food, bioenergy and water security

Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food, bioenergy and water security

Anthropogenic land use shapes the composition and phylogenetic structure of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity, root colonization, and soil alkaline phosphatase activity in response to maize-wheat rotation and no-tillage in North China

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