Introduction The evidence concerning Japanese oriental (Kampo) medicine has been accumulated over two decades. In this regard, many physicians use the Kampo formula in the field of primary health care in Japan. However, Kampo medicines have other paradigms that differ from Western medicine. Therefore, the characteristics and specificity of Kampo medicine must be comprehended while using them based on clinical evidence. This article provides a review of the recent clinical trials concerning Kampo medicines and the discussion on 'how to utilise the evidence of Kampo Medicine'. Conclusion We have discussed the methods of using Kampo medicines and where the development of each use has reached. Where evidence has been used, specificity of Kampo medicine should be understood and evidence for this medicine is expected to increase in the near future.