“…Extreme weather events, particularly intense rainfall, have similar adverse effects on trails. Erosion regulation capacity can be quickly exceeded, resulting in the loss of vegetation, which further exacerbates erosion, since bare soil is more prone to soil erosion than vegetated soil (Olive and Marion, 2009;Tomczyk and Ewertowski, 2013b). This will have knock-on consequences for CES, specifically recreation, since degraded trails have a negative impact on visitor numbers, experience and safety (Hammitt et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2003;Kim and Shelby, 2006;Moore et al, 2012;Roggenbuck et al, 1993;Verlič et al, 2015).…”