The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

Čejka, Čestmír; Ardan, Taras; Širc, Jakub; Michálek, Jiřı́; Brůnová, B; Čejková, Jitka

doi:10.1007/s00417-010-1438-2

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The two most commonly used techniques to measure corneal transparency ex vivo are tungsten light-based or laser-based bench-top optical systems ( Farrell et al., 1973 , Christens-Barry et al., 1996 , Parekh et al., 2014 ), or spectrophotometry ( Cejka et al., 2010 , Doutch et al., 2008 ). To our knowledge, one of the first attempt to measure the transparency of isolated human corneas was carried out by Boettner and Wolter (1962) , using spectrophotometry.…”

Section: Measurement Of Corneal Transparencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal structure and transparency

Meek

Knupp

2015

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

613

437

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The corneal stroma plays several pivotal roles within the eye. Optically, it is the main refracting lens and thus has to combine almost perfect transmission of visible light with precise shape, in order to focus incoming light. Furthermore, mechanically it has to be extremely tough to protect the inner contents of the eye. These functions are governed by its structure at all hierarchical levels. The basic principles of corneal structure and transparency have been known for some time, but in recent years X-ray scattering and other methods have revealed that the details of this structure are far more complex than previously thought and that the intricacy of the arrangement of the collagenous lamellae provides the shape and the mechanical properties of the tissue. At the molecular level, modern technologies and theoretical modelling have started to explain exactly how the collagen fibrils are arranged within the stromal lamellae and how proteoglycans maintain this ultrastructure. In this review we describe the current state of knowledge about the three-dimensional stromal architecture at the microscopic level, and about the control mechanisms at the nanoscopic level that lead to optical transparency.

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Section: Measurement Of Corneal Transparencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal structure and transparency

Meek

Knupp

2015

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

613

437

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“…It is generally known from clinical practice that chemical injuries of the cornea (particularly with alkalis) are dangerous to the eye and threaten vision. Čejka et al [ 57 ] described that already low concentrations of alkali changed corneal hydration and corneal light absorption. These authors found that after dropping 0.1 M NaOH onto the surface of the healthy rabbit cornea, increased corneal hydration, as measured by a pachymeter according to the central corneal thickness, appeared 24 h after the first application and the cornea became opaque.…”

Section: The Role Of Chemical Injuries In the Appearance Of Oxidatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress to the Cornea, Changes in Corneal Optical Properties, and Advances in Treatment of Corneal Oxidative Injuries

Čejka

Čejková

2015

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Oxidative stress is involved in many ocular diseases and injuries. The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favour of oxidants (oxidative stress) leads to the damage and may be highly involved in ocular aging processes. The anterior eye segment and mainly the cornea are directly exposed to noxae of external environment, such as air pollution, radiation, cigarette smoke, vapors or gases from household cleaning products, chemical burns from splashes of industrial chemicals, and danger from potential oxidative damage evoked by them. Oxidative stress may initiate or develop ocular injury resulting in decreased visual acuity or even vision loss. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases with particular attention to oxidative stress in the cornea and changes in corneal optical properties are discussed. Advances in the treatment of corneal oxidative injuries or diseases are shown.

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“…This author found significantly diminished TIMP‐1 expression in human keratinocytes upon UVB exposure. In this connection, it must be pointed out that the influence of UV radiation on the cornea or skin depends not only on the overall dose but also on its distribution in time (repeated exposure) . Di Girolamo et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of UVB irradiation on TIMP expression in the eye and a skin were investigated by Di Girolamo et al In this connection, it must be pointed out that the influence of UV radiation on the cornea or skin depends not only on the overall dose but also on its distribution in time (repeated exposure) (38,54,55). Di Girolamo et al (52) irradiated pterygium epithelial cells by small doses of UVB (ranging from 0 to 60 mJ cm À2 ) and only once, whereas we and other above-mentioned authors employed higher and repeated UVB doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Levels of Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in UVB‐Irradiated Corneal Epithelium

Ardan

Němcová

Bohuslavová

et al. 2016

Photochem & Photobiology

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Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are the major endogenous regulators of metalloproteinase activity in tissues. TIMPs are able to inhibit activity of all known matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and thus participate in controlling extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation. We showed previously elevated expressions of MMPs in the rabbit corneal epithelium upon UVB exposure and suggested that these enzymes might be involved in corneal destruction caused by excessive proteolysis. The aim of this study was to investigate TIMPs in the corneal epithelium after UV irradiation using immunohistochemical and biochemical methods. We found that as compared to control rabbit corneas where relatively high levels of TIMPs were present in the epithelium, repeated irradiation of the cornea with UVB rays (not with UVA rays of similar doses) significantly decreased TIMPs in corneal epithelial cells. The results of this study point to the suggestion that the decrease in TIMPs in the corneal epithelium after UVB irradiation contributes to increased proteolytic activity of MMPs in UVB-irradiated corneal epithelium found previously.

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The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

Abstract: The influence of various influences applied to the cornea, manifested as changes in corneal light transmission, can be measured using our spectrophotometric method with a high degree of sensitivity.

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Corneal structure and transparency

Corneal structure and transparency

Oxidative Stress to the Cornea, Changes in Corneal Optical Properties, and Advances in Treatment of Corneal Oxidative Injuries

Reduced Levels of Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in UVB‐Irradiated Corneal Epithelium

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