The Influence of Vascular Disease on Cognitive Performance in the Preclinical and Early Phases of Alzheimer’s Disease

Laukka, E. J.; Fratiglioni, Laura; Bäckman, Lars

doi:10.1159/000313978

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Surprisingly, in the oldest-old patients with AD, the density of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and the extent of neuronal loss is less severe than in the younger age groups [4,5]. Recent studies suggest that dementia in the oldest old is only modestly related to AD pathology, while cerebrovascular pathology and other concomitant processes may cause cognitive impairment in most elderly subjects with low Alzheimer pathology scores [3,6,7,8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Pathology of Dementia with Lewy Bodies in the Oldest Old: A Comparison with Other Dementing Disorders

Jellinger¹,

Attems

2011

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: While the prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) increases with age, little is known about the frequency of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in the oldest old. A retrospective hospital-based study compared the relative prevalence of DLB among very old individuals. Methods: 1,100 consecutive autopsy cases of demented patients aged over 70 years (mean age: 83.9 ± 5.4 years) were examined using standardized neuropathological methods and current diagnostic consensus criteria. Results: Evaluation of three age groups (8th–10th decade) showed a significant increase in the relative prevalence of AD with cerebrovascular lesions including mixed dementia, while AD with Lewy body (LB) pathology showed a mild but insignificant age-related increase. Both ‘pure’ AD and vascular dementia showed a mild but insignificant decline, while DLB (without severe AD pathology) decreased progressively. While the severity of Lewy pathology in DLB slightly decreased with age, concomitant Alzheimer-like pathology increased progressively. Conclusion: Whether DLB in the oldest old represents a distinct group is a matter of discussion, but the relative prevalence of AD with LB in our sample remained fairly stable.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Pathology of Dementia with Lewy Bodies in the Oldest Old: A Comparison with Other Dementing Disorders

Jellinger¹,

Attems

2011

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vascular factors contribute significantly to the onset and progression of dementia with 15-34% of patients with dementia demonstrating vascular pathology [1,2]. Most patients diagnosed with vascular dementia have mixed Alzheimer's and vascular pathology and it is often difficult to disentangle the respective contributions of these two pathologies to the cognitive and clinical outcomes [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal subcortical ischemia is crucial for post stroke cognitive impairment

Kandiah

Wiryasaputra

Narasimhalu

et al. 2011

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…On the other hand, by age 80-85 years, many cognitively unimpaired subjects may have substantial cortical AD pathology [215], while others found significant positive correlation between the extent of dementia and senile plaque density (p=0.011), but not for the NFT density score (p=0.076) [269]. Recent studies suggest that dementia in the oldest-old group (90+ years) is only modestly related to AD, while both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology may cause cognitive impairment in those with low AD pathology scores [175,270,271], and CVLs may contribute to the clinical expression of dementia [272]. However, several clinico-pathologic studies clearly showed that Braak NFT staging remains a significant predictor of cognitive status even in oldest-olds [273,274].…”

Section: Dementia In the Oldest-oldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathology of Dementia Disorders

Jellinger¹

2014

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionDementia, encompassing deficits in several cognitive domains that are severe enough to interfere with daily functioning [1], in the new DSM V classification is classified within the broad category of major neurocognitive disorders, proposing specific criteria for the various etiologies [2]. Previously defined as the manifestation of deteriorating brain functions over time due to cell deaths in the brain caused by neurodegeneration or any other disease [3], according to recent research dementia is not primarily caused by neuronal cell death/loss, but by dysfunction and loss of synapses [4] in AD [5] and in α-synucleinopathies [6]. Other causes include cholinergic neuronal and axonal abnormalities [7,8], as well as pre-and postsynaptic cortical cholinergic deficits also occurring in early AD [9]. These changes due to disconnection of major nervous circuitries causing default networks [10][11][12][13] have been demonstrated in vivo in early AD [14], suggesting that disease progress is transmitted by neuronal pathways [15]. A prionlike spread of misfolded protein aggregates in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegeneration is a hot spot of discussion [16][17][18][19][20][21].Both the prevalence and incidence of dementia increase exponentially with age. In 2010, 35.6 million people worldwide lived with dementia, with around 8 million new cases every year. Numbers are expected to double or triple every 5-10 years, to 135 millions in 2050, 16 millions in Europe. In 2010, 58% of all demented people lived in low-cost countries, with their proportion anticipated to rise to 71% in 2050 [22]. According to recent data from China the incidence of dementia was 9.87/1000 person years and the median standardised mortality ratio was 1.94:1 [23]. With the disproportional growth of the elderly population, dementia has become a major public health and socio-economic problem that threatens to become the scourge of our century. The total costs for dementia were US$ 604 billion in 2010 worldwide, up to 70% for social care alone [24], total payments for AD for 2013 were expected to be $ 203 billion in USA alone, not included contributions of unpaid caregivers [25]. Neuropathology of Dementia DisordersKurt A Jellinger* Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Kenyongasse 18, A 1070, Vienna, Austria AbstractDementia, being not a specific disease but a syndrome characterized by deficits in several cognitive domains, is a major public health and socio-economic problem of our century. It is caused by dysfunction/loss of synapses and neurons inducing default neuronal networks. Despite updated concensus criteria for the clinical diagnosis of the major neurodegenerative disorders and new biomarkers, the diagnostic accuracy ranges from 65 to 96% (for Alzheimer's disease /AD), with a sensitivity versus other dementias of around 85.4% and a specificity of up to 77.7%. Pathologic assessment, using genetic and molecular biological methods, based on homogenous definitions, harmonized interlaboratory and assessment standards, can achiev...

show abstract

The Influence of Vascular Disease on Cognitive Performance in the Preclinical and Early Phases of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 28 publications

References 74 publications

Prevalence and Pathology of Dementia with Lewy Bodies in the Oldest Old: A Comparison with Other Dementing Disorders

Prevalence and Pathology of Dementia with Lewy Bodies in the Oldest Old: A Comparison with Other Dementing Disorders

Frontal subcortical ischemia is crucial for post stroke cognitive impairment

Neuropathology of Dementia Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About