The influence of weak lensing on measurements of the Hubble constant with quad-image gravitational lenses

Jaroszyński, M.; Skowron, J.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1739

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In this approach, external convergence must be included through post-processing (Collett et al 2013;Suyu et al 2010). The biases that we find are larger than those found in Jaroszyński & Skowron (2016) for random sight lines in the Millenium Simulation. However, they point out that their sight lines, on average, are not as dense as that of RXJ1131.…”

Section: Number Of Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems

McCully

Keeton

Wong

et al. 2017

ApJ

120

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Matter near a gravitational lens galaxy or projected along the line of sight (LOS) can affect strong lensing observables by more than contemporary measurement errors. We simulate lens fields with realistic threedimensional mass configurations (self-consistently including voids), and then fit mock lensing observables with increasingly complex lens models to quantify biases and uncertainties associated with different ways of treating the lens environment (ENV) and LOS. We identify the combination of mass, projected offset, and redshift that determines the importance of a perturbing galaxy for lensing. Foreground structures have a stronger effect on the lens potential than background structures, due to nonlinear effects in the foreground and downweighting in the background. There is dramatic variation in the net strength of ENV/LOS effects across different lens fields; modeling fields individually yields stronger priors for H 0 than ray tracing through N-body simulations. Models that ignore mass outside the lens yield poor fits and biased results. Adding external shear can account for tidal stretching from galaxies at redshifts  z z lens , but it requires corrections for external convergence and cannot reproduce nonlinear effects from foreground galaxies. Using the tidal approximation is reasonable for most perturbers as long as nonlinear redshift effects are included. Even then, the scatter in H 0 is limited by the lens profile degeneracy. Asymmetric image configurations produced by highly elliptical lens galaxies are less sensitive to the lens profile degeneracy, so they offer appealing targets for precision lensing analyses in future surveys like LSST and Euclid.

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Section: Number Of Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems

McCully

Keeton

Wong

et al. 2017

ApJ

120

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“…An under-dense line of sight will have, of course, the opposite effect. For a single system, if uncorrected for, this bias can reach up to several percent (Keeton & Zabludoff 2004;McCully et al 2017a;Jaroszyński & Skowron 2016). The effect may not average out for the ensemble of lenses either, since due to the selection and by virtue of the lenses being typically massive ellipticals, lensed systems may be preferably observed in over-dense environments (Collett & Cunnington 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H0LiCOW VIII. A weak-lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar HE 0435−1223

Tihhonova

Courbin

Harvey

et al. 2018

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present a weak gravitational lensing measurement of the external convergence along the line of sight to the quadruply lensed quasar HE 0435−1223. Using deep rband images from Subaru-Suprime-Cam we observe galaxies down to a 3σ limiting magnitude of ∼ 26 mags resulting in a source galaxy density of 14 galaxies / arcmin 2 after redshift-based cuts. Using an inpainting technique and Multi-Scale Entropy filtering algorithm, we find that the region in close proximity to the lens has an estimated external convergence of κ = −0.012 +0.020 −0.013 and is hence marginally under-dense. We also rule out the presence of any halo with a mass greater than M vir = 1.6×10 14 h −1 M (68% confidence limit). Our results, consistent with previous studies of this lens, confirm that the intervening mass along the line of sight to HE 0435−1223 does not affect significantly the cosmological results inferred from the time delay measurements of that specific object.

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“…In practice, however, the integrated mass from galaxies and Large Scale Structures (LSS) all the way to the redshift of the lensed quasar also contribute to the lensing potential and can bias the Hubble if not taken into account (Keeton & Zabludoff 2004;McCully et al 2017;Jaroszyński & Skowron 2016). In gravitational lensing this mass, which can be seen as an external contribution to the potential of the lens, is expressed as a dimensionless surface mass density called external convergence κext.…”

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confidence: 99%

H0LiCOW – XI. A weak lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar B1608+656 using HST and Subaru deep imaging

Tihhonova

Courbin

Harvey

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We investigate the environment and line of sight of the H0LiCOW lens B1608+656 using Subaru Suprime-Cam and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to perform a weak lensing analysis. We compare three different methods to reconstruct the mass map of the field, i.e. the standard Kaiser-Squires inversion coupled with inpainting and Gaussian or wavelet filtering, and ${\tt Glimpse}$ a method based on sparse regularization of the shear field. We find no substantial difference between the 2D mass reconstructions, but we find that the ground-based data is less sensitive to small-scale structures than the space-based observations. Marginalising over the results obtained with all the reconstruction techniques applied to the two available HST filters F606W and F814W, we estimate the external convergence, κext at the position of B1608+656 is $\kappa _{\mathrm{ext}}= 0.11^{+0.06}_{-0.04}$, where the error bars corresponds respectively to the 16th and 84th quartiles. This result is compatible with previous estimates using the number-counts technique, suggesting that B1608+656 resides in an over-dense line of sight, but with a completely different technique. Using our mass reconstructions, we also compare the convergence at the position of several groups of galaxies in the field of B1608+656 with the mass measurements using various analytical mass profiles, and find that the weak lensing results favor truncated halo models.

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The influence of weak lensing on measurements of the Hubble constant with quad-image gravitational lenses

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems

Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems

H0LiCOW VIII. A weak-lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar HE 0435−1223

H0LiCOW – XI. A weak lensing measurement of the external convergence in the field of the lensed quasar B1608+656 using HST and Subaru deep imaging

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