The influence of wood density on longitudinal wave velocity determined by the ultrasound method in comparison to the resonance longitudinal method

Baar, Jan; Tippner, Jan; Gryc, Vladimír

doi:10.1007/s00107-011-0550-2

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In this study, the decreasing character of wave velocity was observed for the increasing density of wood for both species. However the exact influence of the density on wave velocity was not concluded, as in previous studies (Mishiro 1996;Ilic 2003;Baar et al 2012;Kránitz 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Determination of Correlation between Destructive and Nondestructive Test Methods Applied on Modified Wood Exposed to Natural Weathering

Oberhofnerová¹,

Arnetová²,

Holeček³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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The objective of this study was to determine a correlation between the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOEd) and the static modulus of elasticity (MOEs), and to assess the potential of using nondestructive (NDT) methods as a grading tool for both treated and untreated wood exposed to weathering. In the experiment, test samples made from spruce and oak were exposed for four months to natural weathering. Half of the specimens were treated with a silicon-based nano-protection. The MOEd was determined using acoustic NDT methods-ultrasound transmission (MOEdu) and the vibration methods (MOEdv), while the MOEs was determined by a destructive three-point bending test. The results showed that there was no statistical significance for the influence of the time of exposure and the surface treatment on the modulus of elasticity. The ultrasound method, measured in the longest distance of the sample, had the most significant correlation with the MOEs. The vibration method also reached a similar correlation with the MOEs. The mean values of the MOEdu and MOEdv were higher than the MOEs. The influence of density on the acoustic wave velocity was not confirmed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Determination of Correlation between Destructive and Nondestructive Test Methods Applied on Modified Wood Exposed to Natural Weathering

Oberhofnerová¹,

Arnetová²,

Holeček³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…58 Some studies have performed TOF and resonance tests on timber samples. These studies also reported that the velocities obtained using TOF were higher than those obtained using longitudinal resonance [237][238][239] and flexural resonance. 235,237,240,241 Others have reported that TOF measured dynamic MOE values for timber samples were higher than static MOE values calculated using bending tests on these samples.…”

Section: Variation In Stiffness From Pith To Bark Explanationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Measurement of stiffness of standing trees and felled logs using acoustics: A review

Legg

Bradley

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This paper provides a review on the use of acoustics to measure stiffness of standing trees, stems, and logs. An outline is given of the properties of wood and how these are related to stiffness and acoustic velocity throughout the tree. Factors are described that influence the speed of sound in wood, including the different types of acoustic waves which propagate in tree stems and lumber. Acoustic tools and techniques that have been used to measure the stiffness of wood are reviewed. The reasons for a systematic difference between direct and acoustic measurements of stiffness for standing trees, and methods for correction, are discussed. Other techniques, which have been used in addition to acoustics to try to improve stiffness measurements, are also briefly described. Also reviewed are studies which have used acoustic tools to investigate factors that influence the stiffness of trees. These factors include different silvicultural practices, geographic and environmental conditions, and genetics.

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“…In our sample, the wood density variations are independent from the variations of the bark features, as well as from those of the wood structure. In some exotics, the wood density is not relevant for the wave velocity [94].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bark Features for Identifying Resonance Spruce Standing Timber

Dinulică

Albu²,

Vasilescu

et al. 2019

Forests

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Measuring the acoustic properties of wood is not feasible for most luthiers, so identifying simple, valid criteria for diagnosis remains an exciting challenge when selecting materials for manufacturing musical instruments. This article aims to verify whether the bark qualities as a marker of resonance wood are indeed useful. The morphometric and colour traits (in CIELab space) of the bark scales were compared with the structural (width and regularity of the growth rings and of the latewood) and acoustic features (transverse sound velocity, radiation ratio, impedance, and wood basic density) of the wood from 145 standing and 10 felled spruce trees, which are considered a resource of the resonance wood in the Romanian Carpathians. It has been emphasized that the spruce trees with acoustic and structural features that match the requirements for the manufacture of violins have a bark phenotype distinguishable by colour (higher redness, lower yellowness and brightness)—as well as by scale shape (higher slenderness and width). The south-facing side of the trunk and the external side of the scale are best for identifying resonance trees by their bark. Additionally, the mature bark phenotypes denote topoclinal variations and do not depend on tree age. Moreover, the differences among bark phenotypes are noticeable to the naked eye.

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The influence of wood density on longitudinal wave velocity determined by the ultrasound method in comparison to the resonance longitudinal method

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Determination of Correlation between Destructive and Nondestructive Test Methods Applied on Modified Wood Exposed to Natural Weathering

Determination of Correlation between Destructive and Nondestructive Test Methods Applied on Modified Wood Exposed to Natural Weathering

Measurement of stiffness of standing trees and felled logs using acoustics: A review

Bark Features for Identifying Resonance Spruce Standing Timber

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