The Influences of Personality and Motivation on Exercise Participation and Quality of Life

Huang, Chu-Hsin; Lee, Li-Yueh; Chang, Ming Shi

doi:10.2224/sbp.2007.35.9.1189

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although the mechanisms between HRQoL and women cancer screening are still unclear, it is possible that women with better HRQoL may possess the characteristics of optimistic personality and greater self-efficacy that will encourage the engagement in healthy behaviors [48,51,52]. Such health promoting and preventive health behaviors might lead to increased participation in screening activities for breast and cervical cancer [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between four health-related quality-of-life indicators and use of mammography and Pap test screening in US women

et al. 2015

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Purpose Limited evidence is available to explain the role of four components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) on breast and cervical cancer screening. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between four HRQoL aspects and use of mammography and Pap test screening in US women. Methods Data were obtained from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The outcome variables were receiving mammogram <2 versus ≥2 years in women aged 50-74 years, and receiving Pap test <3 versus ≥3 years in women aged 18-64 years. Eight logistic regression models were conducted to test the role of four HRQoL aspects (general health status, physical HRQoL, mental HRQoL, and activity limitation) on the two screening variables, after adjusting for covariates. Statistical analysis accounted for the complex sampling design of the BRFSS and the a priori alpha error was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results Among respondents, approximately 74% and 78% of the women received mammography and Pap test, respectively. Three HRQoL aspects (general health status, physical HRQoL, and activity limitation) were significantly associated with mammography use (all p-values<0.05), whereas two HRQoL aspects (general health status and physical HRQoL) were significantly associated with Pap test (p-values≤0.05). All significant relationships demonstrated higher cancer screening rates among individuals with better HRQoL. Conclusions HRQoL is an important factor associated with use of mammography and Pap test. Future studies should explore the mechanisms associated with an individual's HRQoL and use HRQoL assessment as an avenue to influence adherence to use of mammography and Pap tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between four health-related quality-of-life indicators and use of mammography and Pap test screening in US women

et al. 2015

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“…Having a specific plan for implementing a general intention may also differentiate those who exercise from those who do not (Chasteen, Park, & Schwarz, 2001;Gollwitzer, 1999;Schwarzer, 2008). Furthermore, personality variables that correlate with self-efficacy beliefs, especially conscientiousness (Pearman & Storandt, 2005), also correlate with physical activity and exercise adherence (Conner, Rodgers, & Murray, 2007;Huang et al, 2007;Ingledew, Markland, & Sheppard, 2004;Rhodes & Smith, 2006). Integrative models should consider a number of characteristics that combine to produce active lifestyles in older adults (Rhodes, Couneya, Blanchard, & Plotnikoff, 2007).…”

Section: Positive Attitudes and Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development

Hertzog

Kramer

Wilson

et al. 2008

Psychol Sci Public Interest

1,159

464

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SUMMARY-In this monograph, we ask whether various kinds of intellectual, physical, and social activities produce cognitive enrichment effects-that is, whether they improve cognitive performance at different points of the adult life span, with a particular emphasis on old age.We begin with a theoretical framework that emphasizes the potential of behavior to influence levels of cognitive functioning. According to this framework, the undeniable presence of age-related decline in cognition does not invalidate the view that behavior can enhance cognitive functioning. Instead, the course of normal aging shapes a zone of possible functioning, which reflects person-specific endowments and age-related constraints. Individuals influence whether they function in the higher or lower ranges of this zone by engaging in or refraining from beneficial intellectual, physical, and social activities. From this point of view, the potential for positive change, or plasticity, is maintained in adult cognition. It is an argument that is supported by newer research in neuroscience showing neural plasticity in various aspects of central nervous system functioning, neurochemistry, and architecture. This view of human potential contrasts with static conceptions of cognition in old age, according to which decline in abilities is fixed and individuals cannot slow its course. Furthermore, any understanding of cognition as it occurs in everyday life must make a distinction between basic cognitive mechanisms and skills (such as working-memory capacity) and the functional use of cognition to achieve goals in specific situations. In practice, knowledge and expertise are critical for effective functioning, and the available evidence suggests that older adults effectively employ specific knowledge and expertise and can gain new knowledge when it is required.We conclude that, on balance, the available evidence favors the hypothesis that maintaining an intellectually engaged and physically active lifestyle promotes successful cognitive aging. First, cognitive-training studies have demonstrated that older adults can improve cognitive functioning when provided with intensive training in strategies that promote thinking and remembering. The early training literature suggested little transfer of function from specifically trained skills to new cognitive tasks; learning was highly specific to the cognitive processes targeted by training. Recently, however, a new generation of studies suggests that providing structured experience in situations demanding executive coordination of skillssuch as complex video games, task-switching paradigms, and divided attention tasks-train strategic control over cognition that does show transfer to different task environments. These studies suggest that there is considerable reserve potential in older adults' cognition that can be enhanced through training.Second, a considerable number of studies indicate that maintaining a lifestyle that is intellectually stimulating predicts better maintenance of cognitive skills and is a...

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“…Specifically, those who had higher baseline conscientiousness demonstrated to be more physically active at the follow-up, independent of baseline MVPA and other personality types (as well as other covariates). Previous research has suggested conscientiousness to be most strongly related to participation in exercise behavior because of the goal to protect health (Huang, Lee, & Chang, 2007). Additionally, individuals with higher levels of conscientiousness may be more dutiful, orderly, and self-disciplined (McCrae & Costa, 1995), all of which may play an important role in behavioral self-regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Effects of Personality on Physical Activity Among College Students: Examining Executive Function as a Potential Moderator

Joyner

Loprinzi

2017

Psychol Rep

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Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality and physical activity, with a specific focus on whether executive function moderates this relationship. Methods One hundred twenty-six young adults provided complete data at baseline and the five-month follow-up assessment. Executive function was assessed via the parametric Go/No-Go computer task; outcome measures of parametric Go/No-Go were mean reaction time and percent of correct target detection across executive function tasks (simple rule and repeating rule). Personality and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were assessed via validated questionnaires; one-week test-retest was established on a random sample of the participants, with pedometry employed in the subsample. Results Individuals with a higher baseline conscientiousness personality type had greater five-month follow-up moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (β = 18.5; 95% confidence interval: 5.3, 31.7; p = .006). There was no evidence of an interaction effect for personality trait and executive function on five-month follow-up moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Conclusion The personality trait conscientiousness was associated with greater moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. However, there was no evidence to suggest that executive function moderates the role between personality and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Thus, if confirmed by future work, personality may exert its effects on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity independent of executive function level.

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The Influences of Personality and Motivation on Exercise Participation and Quality of Life

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

The relationship between four health-related quality-of-life indicators and use of mammography and Pap test screening in US women

The relationship between four health-related quality-of-life indicators and use of mammography and Pap test screening in US women

Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development

Longitudinal Effects of Personality on Physical Activity Among College Students: Examining Executive Function as a Potential Moderator

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