The Information Security Cultures of Journalism

Crete‐Nishihata, Masashi; Oliver, Joshua; Parsons, Christopher A.; Walker, Dawn; Tsui, Lokman; Deibert, Ronald J.

doi:10.1080/21670811.2020.1777882

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…While targeted surveillance, intimidation, and harassment of journalists as reprisals of their work has been occurring for many years, research on digital safety and security for journalists indicates that journalists are increasingly becoming vulnerable to attacks from state as well as non-state actors (Belair-Gagnon et al, 2016;Council of Europe, 2020;Crete-Nishihata et al, 2020;Marczak, Scott-Railton, Al-Jizawi, Anstis, & Deobert, 2020). In the last 10 years, at least 937 journalists were killed at work, according to Reporters Without Borders (2020).…”

Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many were deliberately murdered because they investigated topics such as corruption and organized crime. In the same period, an increasing number of cases demonstrate targeted uses of digital surveillance on journalists and newsrooms that put source protection and journalist safety at risk (Crete-Nishihata et al, 2020;Perlroth, 2013;Scott-Railton, Marczak, AdbulRazzak, Crete-Nishihata, & Deibert, 2017;Timberg, 2013;Wagstaff, 2014).…”

Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the implications of surveillance capitalism for mobile journalism, the concept of dataveillance (Clarke, 1988;Van Dijck, 2014) can be useful. 'Dataveillance' is a form of surveillance based on mass data collection with "unstated preset purposes" (Van Dijck, 2014, p. 205) and is on the increase in many areas of society (Christl, 2014;Christl et al, 2017a;Crete-Nishihata et al, 2020;Degli Esposti, 2014;Zuboff, 2019). Dataveillance not only allows us to build profiles of individuals and their behavior, but also predicts future behavior (Schermer, 2011) and interferes in individual decision making, for example, through microtargeting (Christl, 2019).…”

Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anyone relying on technologies and infrastructures optimized for data extraction and profiling can become radically transparent for a range of actors (Christl & Spiekermann, 2016). As discussed above, journalists have always been a risk group and a main target for surveillance (Crete-Nishihata et al, 2020;Thorsen, 2019;Waters, 2018). It is well known that a range of actors in different parts of the world, such as secret services, police authorities, and other players, seek to monitor journalists' interactions and to access data stored on their computers (Henrichsen, Betz, & Lisosky, 2015).…”

Section: Mobile Journalism As a Risk For Journalists And As A Supplier For Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zuboff's theory can serve as an eye opener that challenges media organizations to critically reflect on the long-term implications of the digital economy, their complex entanglement with competitors like Google, and their application of data harvesting technologies such as smartphones. To approach these challenges and counteract the data exploitation of journalists, the action steps of the RRI framework could be translated into activities with a critical focus on controversial aspects of privacy, autonomy, and security issues to foster a security culture in the organization (Crete-Nishihata et al, 2020).…”

Section: Implications For Mobile Journalism On An Organizational Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mobile Journalists as Traceable Data Objects: Surveillance Capitalism and Responsible Innovation in Mobile Journalism

Salzmann

Guribye

Gynnild

2021

MaC

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This article discusses how Shosana Zuboff’s critical theory of surveillance capitalism may help to understand and underpin responsible practice and innovation in mobile journalism. Zuboff conceptualizes surveillance capitalism as a new economic logic made possible by ICT and its architecture for extracting and trading data products of user behavior and preferences. Surveillance is, through these new technologies, built into the fabric of our economic system and, according to Zuboff, appears as deeply anti-democratic and a threat to human sovereignty, dignity, and autonomy. In Europe, the framework of responsible research and innovation is promoted as an approach and a meta-concept that should inform practice and policy for research and innovation to align with societal values and democratic principles. Within this approach, ICT is framed as a risk technology. As innovation in mobile journalism is inextricably tied to the technologies and infrastructure of smartphones and social media platforms, the apparent question would be how we can envision responsible innovation in this area. Zuboff provides a critical perspective to study how this architecture of surveillance impedes the practice of mobile journalism. While the wide adoption of smartphones as a key tool for both producing and consuming news has great potential for innovation, it can also feed behavioral data into the supply chain of surveillance capitalism. We discuss how potentially harmful implications can be met on an individual and organizational level to contribute to a more responsible adoption of mobile technologies in journalism.

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Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journalism Through the Lens Of Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mobile Journalism As a Risk For Journalists And As A Supplier For Surveillance Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Mobile Journalism On An Organizational Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mobile Journalists as Traceable Data Objects: Surveillance Capitalism and Responsible Innovation in Mobile Journalism

Salzmann

Guribye

Gynnild

2021

MaC

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Scoping Review: The Landscape of Digital Risks and Cybersecurity Solutions for Journalists

Phillips,

Hansen,

Matsilele

2024

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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Threats to Journalists from the Consumer Internet of Things

Shere

Nurse

Martin

2023

Springer Proceedings in Complexity

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Threats associated with the consumer Internet of Things (IoT) may particularly inhibit the work and wellbeing of journalists, especially because of the danger of technological surveillance and the imperative to protect confidential sources. These issues may have knock-on effects on societal stability and democratic processes if press freedom is eroded. Still, journalists remain unaware of potential IoT threats, and so are unable to incorporate them into risk assessments or to advise their sources. This shows a clear gap in the literature, requiring immediate attention. This article therefore identifies and organises distinctive and novel threats to journalism from the consumer IoT. The article presents a novel conceptualisation of threats to the press in six categories: regulatory gaps, legal threats, profiling threats, tracking threats, data and device modification threats, and networked devices threats. Each of the threats in these categories includes a description and hypothetical consequences that include reallife ways in which IoT devices can be used to inhibit journalistic work, building on interdisciplinary literature analysis and expert interviews. In so doing, this article synthesises technical information about IoT device capabilities with human security and privacy requirements tailored to a specific at-risk population: journalists. It is therefore important for cyber science scholarship to address the contemporary and emerging risks associated with IoT devices to vulnerable groups such as journalists. This exploratory conceptualisation enables the evidence-based conceptual evolution of understandings of cyber security risks to journalists.

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The Information Security Cultures of Journalism

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Mobile Journalists as Traceable Data Objects: Surveillance Capitalism and Responsible Innovation in Mobile Journalism

Mobile Journalists as Traceable Data Objects: Surveillance Capitalism and Responsible Innovation in Mobile Journalism

Scoping Review: The Landscape of Digital Risks and Cybersecurity Solutions for Journalists

Threats to Journalists from the Consumer Internet of Things

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