The Inheritance of a Dwarf Anomaly in Beef Cattle1

Pahnish, O. F.; Stanley, E. B.; Safley, C. E.

doi:10.2527/jas1955.141200x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The other major external characteristics of typical snorter dwarfs have been described by previous workers (Gregory, Roubicek, Carroll, Stratton & Hilston, 1953;Pahnish, Stanley, Safley & Roubicek, 1955;Arthaud, Koch & Arthaud, 1957). Buchanan, Bolin, Burnham & Eveleth (1956) have shown that skeletal abnormalities are a result of at least two different independent syndromes.…”

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confidence: 66%

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Morphological and physio-chemical studies on dwarf Herefords

1959

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Thirty-six Hereford dwarfs, ‘comprest’, dwarf-like, and eight controls were available. Body and skin measurements were taken and the types of head abnormalities and cardiovascular activities were recorded. Haematological tests and chemical analysis of blood and hair were carried out.Typical dwarfs showed characteristic head abnormalities with varying degrees either at birth or later in life, possibly as a result of different stages of development at which the defective gene(s) comes into operation. There were progressive changes (qualitative and quantitative) in the expression of dwarf characteristics. Typical dwarfs were chronic bloaters, with pot-shaped belly or with normal belly. Atypical dwarfs were either stunted, showing (miscellaneous) deleterious genes or ‘comprest’ types. The daily live-weight gain of typical dwarfs ranged from 0·71 to 1·69 with an average of 1·26 lb. (controls 1·72 lb.). Body, head, and limb indices in typical dwarfs are similar to those of the ‘comprest’ and the control animals at comparable weights. Volume index was higher in the control than in the typical dwarfs. In the bloater dwarfs the width of the body at the shoulder region was considerably narrower. Skins of the typical dwarfs were thinner. The bloater dwarfs showed a diurnal bloat cycle (in relation to feeding time) as judged by body circumference. The severity of bloat was irregular.There was no significant difference between typical dwarfs and control animals in rectal temperature, pulse rate, blood, specific gravity, prothrombin time, sedimentation rate, red cell count, electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins, serum creatine and creatinine and calcium/phosphorus ratio in hair samples. Typical dwarfs had slower respiration rate, lower blood haemoglobin, haematocrit, and white blood count than did the controls. Post-mortem examination of dwarfs did not show similar causes of death in each case. The heart of the dwarfs was spheroid, showing severe dilation in most cases.

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confidence: 66%

“…Five dwarf x dwarf matings were carried out by Pahnish, Stanley, Safley & Roubicek (1955). The resulting progeny were dwarfs, but the abnormal characteristics were no more extreme than those exhibited by a number of dwarf offspring from heterozygous x heterozygous matings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological and physio-chemical studies on dwarf Herefords

1959

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“…This increase in dwarfism has generally been attributed either to the fact that the dwarf gene was present in a few very popular sires, or more likely that the gene was associated with animals displaying certain carcass quality factors which were at a premium at that time (Emmerson and Hazel, 1956;Warwick, 1958;Marlowe, 1964 oured animals were known to beef cattle breeders in the United States of America as comprests, and they apparently enjoyed a "glorious but short lived" popularity. Many controlled breeding experiments have confirmed that dwarfism is apparently inherited as a single autosomal recessive factor (Johnson et al, 1950;Lush and Hazel, 1952;Pahnish et al, 1955a;Gregory et al, 1964). The assumed dominant inheritance of the Dexter dwarf postulated by Young (1951) is considered untenable according to Gregory et al (1966).…”

Section: Dwarfism In Beef Cattle: Diagnosis and Controlmentioning

confidence: 88%