The inheritance of anthocyanin pigmentation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and mapping of tuber skin colour loci using RFLPs

Abstract

Two existing genetic models for anthocyanin pigmentation are compared: the genetic model as proposed by Lunden (1937Lunden ( , 1960Lunden ( , 1974 for tetraploid potato Solanum tuberosum group Tuberosum and the model by Dodds & Long (1955, 1956) for diploid cultivated Solanum species. By crossing well defined genotypes from both genetic sources it was demonstrated that locus R/RP" and locus D are allelic. Both loci are involved in the biosynthesis of red anthocyanins. We propose to maintain the symbol D for this locus. Tuber skin colour is expressed due to the complementary action of one locus involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and a second locus involved in tissuespecific regulation of anthocyanin expression. The inheritance of two phenotypes of skin colour was investigated in this study: pigmentation of the epidermis and pigmentation of the cortex. In two different populations the loci determining the two phenotypes were located with RFLPs on the map of the potato genome, at approximately the same position as the earlier mapped PSC locus on chromosome 10. Lunden proposed the symbols E and R for the loci determining these phenotypes. Dodds and Long proposed only one locus I for tuber skin colour without describing these different phenotypes. The identity and nomenclature of the loci studied by the various authors are discussed.

Fine mapping of the Rpi-rzc1 gene conferring broad-spectrum resistance to potato late blight

“…The common linkage map of both parental clones included 1603 Diversity Array Technology (DArT) and 48 sequencespecific PCR markers. The Rpi-rzc1 was shown to be linked to a potentially useful phenotypic marker that is violet flower colour, conferred by the locus F (van Eck et al 1993Eck et al , 1994. Genetic distance between Rpi-rzc1 gene and locus F was 3.4 cM, while on the other side the gene was flanked by marker T1521 located in the distance of 6.1 cM.…”

Development and application of a 20K SNP array in potato

“…For the single locus traits flesh colour (Wolters et al 2012), tuber shape (Van Eck et al 1994 and maturity (Kloosterman et al 2013) this method failed. This is likely to be due to a violation of the assumption of identity-by-descent.…”

“…This initially resulted in the identification of loci involved in typical Mendelian traits such as flower colour (van Eck et al 1993) and tuber skin colour (van Eck et al 1994). These monogenic traits are easy to phenotype and therefore were very suitable for the primary mapping studies as a proof of concept, however these are typical traits for which MAS is not needed.…”

“…The map-positions of these marker systems are difficult to compare between studies and difficult to compare with the reference genome of potato and are therefore not straightforward to implement in potato breeding. The study of Anithakumari et al (2010) firstly uses SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) on important mapping populations such as SH 83-92-488 x RH 89-039-16, used in Van Os et al (2006) and C x E used in (van Eck et al 1993;van Eck et al 1994;Werij et al 2007;Kloosterman et al 2010;Wolters et al 2010). They mined available EST (expressed sequence tags) sequences, to identify SNPs.…”

Genetic diversity of potato for nitrogen use efficiency under low input conditions in Ethiopia

“…In the last two decades many QTL analysis studies have been published on different traits of potato, such as flower colour, foliage maturity, tuber skin texture, dry matter content, specific gravity and yield (McCord et al, 2011), yield, agronomic and quality traits (Bradshaw et al, 2008), tuber yield and starch content (Schafer-Pregl et al, 1998), tuber dormancy (van den , tuber shape (Van Eck et al, 1994), tuber skin colour (Gebhardt et al, 1989), tuber flesh colour (Bonierbale et al, 1988) and drought related traits (Anithakumari et al, 2011(Anithakumari et al, , 2012Khan et al, 2014) .The number of QTL studies for NUE are still very limited.…”