The inhibiting activity of areca inflorescence extracts on human low density lipoprotein oxidation induced by cupric ion

Abstract

The oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a significant role in atherosclerosis. In this study, the inhibiting activity of areca inflorescence extracts (AIEs) on LDL oxidation was investigated by an in vitro study with Trolox as the standard antioxidant. The kinetics of LDL oxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay and copper chelation assay were also evaluated to assess the antioxidant activities of AIEs, and the results revealed that AIEs could delay the lag time and inhibit the formation of malondialdehyde in the process of LDL peroxidation induced by Cu(2+). The boiled water extract displayed the highest antioxidant activity compared with the ambient water extract and ethanol extract. The total phenolic contents and phenolic components of AIEs were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography method. Epicatechin, gallic acid and coumalic acid were the primary phenolic acids in AIEs.

Comparative metabolomics study on areca nut from China and Southeast Asia (Thailand and Indonesia)

“…In addition to the known alkaloid components, our analysis has revealed the presence of phenolic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, lignans, coumarins, lipids, and quinones, all of which contribute to the superior medicinal value of areca nut seeds produced in China. Research has shown that areca nut seeds exhibit many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antihypoglycaemic, anti‐inflammatory, and antiparasitic activities; promote digestive functions; and are valuable traditional medicines for treating parasitic disease, dyspepsia, and gastrointestinal diseases 6,12,15 . Therefore, compared with ASSA, ASCN exhibits better properties.…”

“…Research has shown that areca nut seeds exhibit many pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antihypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic activities; promote digestive functions; and are valuable traditional medicines for treating parasitic disease, dyspepsia, and gastrointestinal diseases. 6,12,15 Therefore, compared with ASSA, ASCN exhibits better properties. These findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for the future clinical application of these seeds.…”

“…According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the main forms of areca nut used medicinally include the arecae pericarpium (the dried pericarp of areca nut), which is mainly used to treat abdominal distension, oedema, and discomfort in bowel movements; the other is areca nut, which is a dried and matured seed that is mainly used to kill worms and treat malaria. Studies have shown that active ingredients, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids and trace elements, in areca seeds, pericarps, and flowers exhibit significant antioxidant capacity 12 . Modern studies have shown that areca nut exhibits pharmacological activities, such as antiparasitic, antioxidative, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and antidepressant activities; regulates blood lipids and blood glucose levels; and has an impact on the digestive system, nervous system, and cardiovascular system 13–15 .…”

“…Studies have shown that active ingredients, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids and trace elements, in areca seeds, pericarps, and flowers exhibit significant antioxidant capacity. 12 Modern studies have shown that areca nut exhibits pharmacological activities, such as antiparasitic, antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant activities; regulates blood lipids and blood glucose levels; and has an impact on the digestive system, nervous system, and cardiovascular system. [13][14][15] Areca nut contains many substances beneficial to the body, and its pharmacological activities are closely related to the phytochemical components in the extract of areca nut, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, amino acids, fatty acids, proanthocyanidins and other active ingredients.…”