The inhibition of JNK MAPK and NF-κB signaling by tenuifoliside A isolated from Polygala tenuifolia in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages is associated with its anti-inflammatory effect

Kim, Kyoung-Su; Lee, Dong-Sung; Bae, Gi‐Sang; Park, Sung‐Joo; Kang, Dae‐Gil; Lee, Ho-Sub; Oh, Hyuncheol; Kim, Youn‐Chul

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.026

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Conversely, treating primary mouse hepatocytes with IL-1β substantially increased TG content and fatty acid synthase expression [58]. Our study demonstrated that IL-1β expression was significantly inhibited by PTE treatment, which echoes a paper reporting that PTE decreased the production of TNFα and IL-1β [21]. Therefore, we hypothesize that PTE acts through a mechanism similar to anti-proinflammatory cytokine therapy, which was successful in improving glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese mice [59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…All these findings strongly suggest that PTE contains anti-adipogenic compounds that warrant further investigation. Isolated phenylpropanoid-type metabolite tenuifoliside A [21] and triterpenoid saponin [22] from PTE were previously demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activities, respectively. Whether these compounds inhibit lipid accumulation remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polygala tenuifolia , also called Yuanzhi, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used in Asian countries to treat inflammation [21], depression [22], amnesia, neurasthenia, and insomnia, as well as for the prevention of dementia and memory loss [23,24]. Two herbal mixtures containing P. tenuifolia , SH21B and KBH-1, have been used to treat obesity in Korea [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polygala tenuifolia extract inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet–induced obese mouse model and affects hepatic transcriptome and gut microbiota profiles

Wang

Yen

Cheng

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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Obesity, the excessive accumulation of lipids in the body, is closely associated with many prevalent human disorders. Continued efforts to identify plant extracts that exhibit anti-obesity effects have drawn much attention. This study investigated whether a Polygala tenuifolia extract (PTE) possesses anti-obesity activity and how PTE may affect liver gene expression and gut microbiota. We used 3T3-L1 adipocytes and a high-fat diet–induced obese mouse model to determine the effects of PTE on lipid accumulation. Next-generation sequencing analysis of liver gene expression and gut microbiota profiles following PTE treatment were conducted to elucidate possible mechanisms. We found that treatment of fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with PTE inhibited lipid accumulation in the cells through reducing lipid formation and triglyceride content and by increasing lipase activity. No cytotoxicity was observed from the PTE treatment. After 5 weeks of treatment with PTE, the increased body weight, elevated serum triglyceride content, and liver steatosis in the high-fat diet–induced obese mice were each reduced. Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed that expression of genes involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism was significantly altered. The low-grade chronic inflammation of obesity caused by a high-fat diet was also decreased after PTE treatment. In addition, treatment with PTE improved the relatively low Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in the gut of high-fat diet–fed mice through enrichment of the Proteobacteria population and reduction of the Deferribacteres population. In conclusion, treatment with PTE inhibited lipid accumulation by inducing the expression of the master transcription factor PPARα, attenuated the low-grade chronic inflammation of obesity, and also altered gut microbiota profiles. These results indicate that PTE has the potential to be developed into an anti-obesity food supplement and therapy. Abbreviations: Abcg5: ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 5; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AMPK: adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; B/F: Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes [ratio]; C/EBPα: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha; CR: creatinine; Cyp51: cytochrome P450 family 51; DMEM: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; Fabp5: fatty acid-binding protein 5; FBS: fetal bovine serum; Fdps: farnesyl diphosphate synthase; Glc: Glucose; HFD: high-fat diet; GO: gene ontology; HPRT: hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase; IBMS: 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine; Idi1: isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase 1; IL-1β: interleukin-1-beta; Lpin1: phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; Mvd: mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase; ND: normal diet; OTU: operational taxonomic units; Pcsk9: proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9; Pctp: phosphatidylcholine transfer protein; PPARα: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; PTE: Polygala tenuifolia extract; Saa1: serum amyloid A1; SD: ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polygala tenuifolia extract inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet–induced obese mouse model and affects hepatic transcriptome and gut microbiota profiles

Wang

Yen

Cheng

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…It is rich in phenylpropanoid sucrosides. Although a lot of works have been done [19][20][21][22][23] in the past two decades, the attention paid on bioactivity evaluation is still insufficient. To our knowledge, no work has been reported about their antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect identification of antioxidants in Polygalae Radix through their reaction with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and subsequent HPLC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Shi

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2015

Talanta

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“…The roots of Polygala tenuifolia (PT), which is a traditional medicinal herb in Korea, have been widely reported to benefit multiple physiological actions and to produce a variety of biological effects in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system (CNS; Kawashima et al 2004;Kim et al 2013). Experimental animal models have shown that PT also exerts antidepressant-like effects and that its underlying mechanisms are likely involved in modulations of the BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus (Kawashima et al 2004;Hu et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polygala tenuifoliaprevents anxiety-like behaviors in mice exposed to repeated restraint stress

Lee

Sur

Shin

et al. 2014

Animal Cells and Systems

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The pathophysiology underlying anxiety disorders involves stress and associated increases in glucocorticoid levels in the blood. The present study investigated the effects of the administration of the crude extract of Polygala tenuifolia (EPT) on repeated restraint stress-induced anxiety-like behavioral responses in mice. Additionally, possible changes in the central noradrenergic and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-signaling systems were assessed in the hippocampus of these mice. For 14 consecutive days, mice were orally administrated EPT (50 or 250 mg/kg) 30 min prior to the restraint stress procedure (2 h/day). Dysregulation within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to the repeated restraint stress was confirmed by measuring serum levels of corticosterone and the expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor in the hypothalamus. Compared with control subjects, the daily administration of higher doses of EPT (250 mg/kg) increased open-arm exploration in an elevated plus maze and the total number of line crossings in an open-field test. EPT also reversed the increased expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus and the decreased expression of BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus. Together, these findings demonstrate that the administration of EPT prior to repeated restraint stress significantly reduced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. These changes were associated with a modification of the central noradrenergic system and the upregulation of BDNF expression, which in turn attenuated activity in the HPA axis.

show abstract

The inhibition of JNK MAPK and NF-κB signaling by tenuifoliside A isolated from Polygala tenuifolia in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages is associated with its anti-inflammatory effect

Cited by 61 publications

References 41 publications

Polygala tenuifolia extract inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet–induced obese mouse model and affects hepatic transcriptome and gut microbiota profiles

Polygala tenuifolia extract inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet–induced obese mouse model and affects hepatic transcriptome and gut microbiota profiles

Indirect identification of antioxidants in Polygalae Radix through their reaction with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and subsequent HPLC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Polygala tenuifoliaprevents anxiety-like behaviors in mice exposed to repeated restraint stress

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