The innate immune response of finfish – A review of current knowledge

Effect of dietary arginine on the immune response and gene expression in head kidney and spleen following infection of Jian carp with Aeromonas hydrophila

“…Therefore, systematic attempts are required to further examine possible correlation between arginine and fish humoral immunity. The inflammatory response, mediated by cytokines, is an important part of cellular immune response in fish [15]. TNF-a and IL-1b, important pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributes to defense mechanisms of the host in response to bacterial colonization or invasion [16,17].…”

The identification of apolipoprotein C-I in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) and its expression following cadmium exposure

“…Previous study has proved that ApoC-I may affect the fish innate immune system, which is vital in fish as acquired immunity is less developed than in mammals (Whyte, 2007). Moreover, ApoC-I takes part in lipid metabolism and other physiological function, and Cd may inhibit the physiological function of organs (Soegianto et al, 1999), so the expression levels changed in various tissues tested at different times in the present study (Fig.…”

“…However, the accumulated metals and longer time exposure would lead to other physiological function, which may induce the expression of ApoC-I. In the shrimp (Penaeus japonicus), any important structural changes of the gill cells occurred when exposure to low concentration while a high concentration resulted in serious damages, Cd can alter the gill structure (Whyte, 2007). In this experiment, we observed gill damage after 12 h exposure, which may accompany differential gene expression.…”

A potential biomarker of androgen exposure in European bullhead (Cottus sp.) kidney

“…Concerning the head kidney, as for other fish species, this compartment is lacking in nephrons and largely composed of haematopoietic and lymphopoietic tissues. The trunk kidney of the bullhead had few nephrons (25 ± 5%) and much immune tissue (75 ± 5 %) which was not limited to the area around the renal tubules (Lin et al 2005;Whyte 2007). This observation is not in accordance with histological descriptions of the trunk kidney structure in other fish species such as the stickleback, which exhibits haematopoetic tissue and is located in the interstitial region surrounding renal tubules (Mourier 1970).…”