The Insertion of Re‐entrant Cannulae in Young Calves and Their Maintenance for Long Periods

Leibholz, Jane; Ward, General William E.; Jacobs, G. J. L.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09435.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Discussion LEIBHOLZ et al (1975) thought the soft type cannula was only suitable to replace the hard type after dislodging. When implanted in a newly made fistula, severe leakage could occur.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Effective Biopsy Technique of the Small Intestine in the Calf

Buisman

Breukink

Velden

1988

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary A simple and effective method for obtaining biopsies of the small intestinal mucosa in veal calves is described. The small intestine of calves is fistulated by implanting a T‐shaped cannula made of flexible material. Biopsies of the mucosa are taken by using cither of two different capsules with identical principles of operation. Good quality biopsies can be obtained and long‐term monitoring of the course of a disease is possible since no adverse effects of prolonged use of the fistula are seen. Zusammenfassung Eine einfache und effektive Technik zur Biopsiegewinnung von Dünndarmmucosa beim Kalb Es wird eine einfache und effektive Methode zur Biopsiegewinnung von Dünndarmmucosa beim Kalb beschrieben. Der Dünndarm des Kalbes wird dabei durch Einsetzen einer flexiblen T‐Kanüle fistuliert. Die Biopsiegewinnung von Dünndarmmucosa erfolgte dabei mit zwei verschiedenen Kapseln mit gleichem Wirkungsprinzip. Auf diese Weise kann Biopsiematerial von guter Qualität gewonnen werden. Ferner sind langfristige Untersuchungen über den Verlauf von entsprechenden Krankheiten möglich, da keine nachteiligen Effekte des langen Gebrauchs der Fistel feststellbar waren.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Effective Biopsy Technique of the Small Intestine in the Calf

Buisman

Breukink

Velden

1988

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…Two calves were fitted with perspex re-entrant cannulae situated in the duodenum, immediately posterior to the pyloric sphincter (Leibholz, Ward & Jacobs, 1975). From 5 weeks of age till the commencement of the experiment both calves were offered a variety of concentrate diets.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The digestion of dry-matter, organic matter and nitrogen in calves fed diets containing broiler-house litter

Jacobs

Leibholz

1978

J. Agric. Sci.

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Four diets were fed to two Friesian bull calves fitted with re-entrant duodenal cannulae. The diets contained no poultry litter (diet 0); 30 % poultry litter (diet 30 D); 50 % poultry litter (diet 50 D) or 30 % poultry litter which had been ensiled at 45 % moisture content for 3 weeks (diet 30 W). The total flow of digesta from the abomasum was measured over four 24 h periods for each diet.The flow of dry matter and organic matter to the duodenum was similar on all four diets but the percentage of apparent digestion occurring in the stomach was higher when the diets containing poultry litter were fed.Less nitrogen was digested in the hind gut on diet 30 W than the other three diets. Greater amounts of the nitrogen ingested and also of the nitrogen flowing to the duodenum were apparently digested in the hind gut on the diet containing no poultry litter. Microbial protein synthesized/100 g organic matter apparently digested in the stomachs was lowest when the calves were fed the 30 W diet.The results obtained in these experiments were then used to evaluate the results of growth trials previously reported.

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“…Between 2 and 6 days later each calf was fitted with Perspex re-entrant cannulae situated in the duodenum, immediately posterior to the pyloric spincter (Leibholz, Ward & Jacobs, 1976). The perspex cannulae fitted to Eric were dislodged in the course of the experiment and were replaced with soft plastic cannulae (Leibholz et al 1975).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The digestion of organic matter, nitrogen and amino acids in calves fed semi-purified diets containing urea, uric acid or soya-bean meal

Jacobs¹,

Leibholz

1977

J. Agric. Sci.

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Semi-purified diets containing urea (diet A), uric acid (diet B) or soya-bean meal (diet C) as the sole source of nitrogen were fed to two Friesian bull calves fitted with re-entrant duodenal cannulae. Total collections of digesta leaving the abomasum were made over 24-h periods.The flow of organic matter to the duodenum expressed as a percentage of intake increased from 35-8% (diet A) and 40-6% (diet B) for the non-protein nitrogen diets to 58-3% for diet C. A greater proportion of the apparent digestion of organic matter occurred in the forestomachs of the calves when fed diets A or B than when they were fed diet C.The flow of nitrogen from the abomasum expressed as a percentage of intake showed a significant increase (P < 0-05) from 65-4% for diet A to 84-4% for diet B and 85-1% for diet C. When diets B and C were fed to the calves a greater proportion of the apparent digestion of nitrogen occurred in the hindgut than when they were fed diet A. The synthesis of microbial protein was 13-9 gand 13-0 g for every 100 g of organic matter digested in the stomach when the calves were fed diets B and C and only 10-9 g when the calves were fed diet A.A significantly (P < 0-05) greater proportion of dry matter of the digesta at the duodenum was composed of amino acids on diet C (19-5%) than diet A (16-1%) with the proportion of essential amino acids (especially threonine, lysine, histidine and arginine) also being greater. The amino acid composition of the digesta dry matter on diet B was intermediate (17-2%).From the data presented, it was predicted that cystine and histidine were the first limiting amino acids for growth when the calves were fed the non-protein nitrogen diets (A and B).

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The Insertion of Re‐entrant Cannulae in Young Calves and Their Maintenance for Long Periods

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

A Simple and Effective Biopsy Technique of the Small Intestine in the Calf

A Simple and Effective Biopsy Technique of the Small Intestine in the Calf

The digestion of dry-matter, organic matter and nitrogen in calves fed diets containing broiler-house litter

The digestion of organic matter, nitrogen and amino acids in calves fed semi-purified diets containing urea, uric acid or soya-bean meal

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