The Insula

Borsook, David; Veggeberg, Rosanna; Erpelding, Nathalie; Borra, Ronald; Linnman, Clas; Burstein, Rami; Becerra, Lino

doi:10.1177/1073858415601369

Cited by 119 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 270 publications

(392 reference statements)

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“…However, only the gross anatomy of the brain has been investigated in previous studies (Borsook et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2016). With a deeper understanding of migraine, the accumulated evidence has shown that the functions of different brain sub-regions vary widely, raising new demands, and challenges for future studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Connectivity Differences in the Insular Sub-regions in Migraine without Aura: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Lv²,

Song³

et al. 2017

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate resting-state functional connectivity (FC) differences in insular sub-regions during the interictal phase in patients with migraine without aura (MWoA).Methods: Forty-nine MWoA patients (MWoA group) and 48 healthy individuals (healthy control group) were recruited for this study. All of the subjects underwent neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI data were processed using Brat 1.0 software to obtain a whole-brain FC diagram and using Rest 1.8 software to obtain the FC z-score of the sub-regions of both insulas (six sub-regions on each side). Therefore, there were a total of 12 regions of interest (ROIs) that were used as seed points for the statistical analysis.Results: There was abnormal FC between the insular sub-regions and multiple brain regions in the MWoA patients compared with the healthy control group, and a clear laterality was also observed. In addition, the FC z-score of certain sub-regions was negatively correlated with the disease duration.Conclusion: Different insular sub-regions are functionally associated with different regions of the brain and therefore have different functions. In MWoA, the FC between the insular sub-regions and other brain regions was mostly reduced, while a small amount was increased; additionally, the FC may be ipsilateral with a right-side advantage. Variations in the FC of insular sub-regions can be observed as an important indicator of MWoA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Connectivity Differences in the Insular Sub-regions in Migraine without Aura: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Lv²,

Song³

et al. 2017

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…As a “cortical hub,” the insula carries information of dyspnea and has strong connections with neural structures important in processing emotional information [8, 12–14]. However, to our knowledge, only one research explored the underpinnings of depression with the method of fMRI in female asthmatic patients, in which depressed asthma (DA) patients showed a decreased spontaneous activity in the right insula [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Functional Connectivity of Ventral Anterior Insula in Asthmatic Patients with Depression

et al. 2017

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Objective To explore the underlying mechanism of depression in asthmatic patients, the ReHo in the insula and its FC was used to probe the differences between depressed asthmatic (DA) and nondepressed asthmatic (NDA) patients. Methods 18 DA patients, 24 NDA patients, and 60 healthy controls (HCs) received resting-state fMRI scan, severity of depression, and asthma control assessment. Results DA patients showed increased FC between the left ventral anterior insula (vAI) and the left middle temporal gyrus compared with both NDA and HC groups. In addition, compared with HCs, the DA and NDA patients both exhibited increased FC between the left vAI and the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), decreased FC between the left vAI and the bilateral parietal lobe, and increased FC between the right vAI and the left putamen and the right caudate, respectively. Furthermore, the increased FC between the left vAI and the right ACC could differentiate HCs from both DA and NDA patients, and the increased FC between the right vAI and both the left putamen and the right caudate could separate NDA patients from HCs. Conclusions This study confirmed that abnormal vAI FC may be involved in the neuropathology of depression in asthma. The increased FC between the left vAI and the left MTG could distinguish DA from the NDA and HC groups.

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“…Кроме того, регионы ствола головного мозга, контролирующие деятельность сердечно-сосудистой системы, участвуют в модуляции боли. Все чаще признается роль гипоталамуса и островка в патофизиологии мигрени и контроле автономных путей, необходимых для поддержания необходимого уровня АД [32].…”

Section: взаимосвязь между мигренью и агunclassified

Hypertension and Headache: the Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs

Parfenov

Остроумова

2019

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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Headache is considered to be one of the main symptoms of arterial hypertension (HT). Complaints of headache are presented by many patients with HT: from 44% to 87%. It is obvious that the majority of complaints of headache in patients with HT is not due to headaches due to increased blood pressure (BP), but multimorbidity (polymorbidity) – the presence of coexisting primary headaches, most often, as in the population as a whole, chronic tension headache (57-85%) and migraine (15-30%). On the other hand, the frequency of HT in patients with migraine ranges from 32% to 44%. The relationship between migraine and HT may be due to common exogenous (external) and endogenous (genetic) factors, as well as common pathophysiological mechanisms. External risk factors, which can be associated with both migraine and HT, include the nature of the diet (excessive consumption of table salt with food), low physical activity, chronic stress; both diseases are also associated with the presence of a connection with the metabolic syndrome. The role of hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and adrenergic system and endothelial dysfunction are actively discussed. Angiotensin-converting enzyme takes an active part in the BP control and vascular tone; it is known that some angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) have demonstrated efficacy in preventing migraine attacks. The presence of HT can contribute to the chronic course of primary headache, and effective treatment of HT with antihypertensive drugs, on the contrary, can have a positive effect on the course of primary headaches. Antihypertensive drugs reduce the frequency of headaches compared to placebo, but heterogeneity between different classes was revealed. There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of headaches compared to placebo during treatment with beta-blockers, ACEI, ARB, diuretics, while calcium antagonists did not reduce the frequency of headaches. According to a number of studies, the frequency of headaches during the treatment with ARB (candesartan) is comparable to that in the placebo group. Some antihypertensive drugs are used to prevent migraine attacks.

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The Insula

Cited by 119 publications

References 270 publications

Functional Connectivity Differences in the Insular Sub-regions in Migraine without Aura: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Functional Connectivity Differences in the Insular Sub-regions in Migraine without Aura: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Abnormal Functional Connectivity of Ventral Anterior Insula in Asthmatic Patients with Depression

Hypertension and Headache: the Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs

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