The Integration of Technology and the Publishing Industry in China

Jian, Zhang

doi:10.1007/s12109-017-9504-9

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…It is an ornamental plant and an important economical crop in Asian countries, especially in China. Lotus is characterized by dainty flowers, round leaves, ellipsoidal seeds and fleshy rhizomes, thus it has been cultivated as ornamental or vegetable plant for 7000 years throughout Asia, for its beautiful flowers and its edible rhizomes and seeds (Shen-Miller, 2002 ; Zhang et al, 2011 ). In addition, lotus has religious significance in both Buddhism and Hinduism throughout the history because of its pure and sacred meaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Gene Expression Analysis Provides Insight into the Transcript Profile of the Genes Involved in Aporphine Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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The predominant alkaloids in lotus leaves are aporphine alkaloids. These are the most important active components and have many pharmacological properties, but little is known about their biosynthesis. We used digital gene expression (DGE) technology to identify differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between two lotus cultivars with different alkaloid contents at four leaf development stages. We also predicted potential genes involved in aporphine alkaloid biosynthesis by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Approximately 335 billion nucleotides were generated; and 94% of which were aligned against the reference genome. Of 22 thousand expressed genes, 19,000 were differentially expressed between the two cultivars at the four stages. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that catalytic activity and oxidoreductase activity were enriched significantly in most pairwise comparisons. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, dozens of DEGs were assigned to the categories of biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. The genes encoding norcoclaurine synthase (NCS), norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase (6OMT), coclaurine N-methyltransferase (CNMT), N-methylcoclaurine 3′-hydroxylase (NMCH), and 3′-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine 4′-O-methyltransferase (4′OMT) in the common pathways of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis and the ones encoding corytuberine synthase (CTS) in aporphine alkaloid biosynthetic pathway, which have been characterized in other plants, were identified in lotus. These genes had positive effects on alkaloid content, albeit with phenotypic lag. The WGCNA of DEGs revealed that one network module was associated with the dynamic change of alkaloid content. Eleven genes encoding proteins with methyltransferase, oxidoreductase and CYP450 activities were identified. These were surmised to be genes involved in aporphine alkaloid biosynthesis. This transcriptomic database provides new directions for future studies on clarifying the aporphine alkaloid pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Gene Expression Analysis Provides Insight into the Transcript Profile of the Genes Involved in Aporphine Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Because some defects (e.g., micropores or cracks) inevitably exist in the surface oxide films, (RC) and (RQ) in series are chosen here. 33 R s is the solution resistance between the reference electrode and the surface of the specimen. C dl is the double layer capacitance; R t is the charge transfer resistance, which depends on the dissolution rate of the Mg substrate in the pores of the surface film.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Microgalvanic Corrosion Behavior of Cast and Extruded EW75 Mg Alloys

Liu¹,

Song²,

Shan³

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The size, distribution, and volume fraction of second phases are altered during extrusion deformation. As a result, the microgalvanic corrosion of Mg alloys will change. The corrosion behaviors of cast and extruded EW75 (Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr) were studied by scanning electron microscopy observations, hydrogen evolution and weight loss measurements, and electrochemical tests. Extruded EW75, which has a lower volume fraction, smaller size, and more uniform distribution of second phases, is found to exhibit better corrosion resistance than cast EW75; the difference can be attributed to weaker microgalvanic corrosion and a more protective surface film. Magnesium and its alloys have become increasingly attractive in the automotive and aerospace industries because of their many advantages, such as low density and high specific strength and stiffness. [1][2][3] In recent years, rare earth (RE) Mg alloys have received considerable attention.4-9 Mg-RE alloys, especially the Mg-Gd-Y system, exhibit high strength and good creep resistance at both room temperature and elevated temperatures. [10][11][12][13] To improve the mechanical properties of Mg-RE alloys, altering the microstructure by deformation treatment is known to be a suitable and efficient method.14 However, the changes in the microstructures may strongly affect the corrosion resistance of the alloy. [15][16][17] The volume fraction, size, and distribution of second phases are altered during the deformation process.18-20 Hence, the microgalvanic corrosion between the second phases and the Mg matrix in the received cast and extruded (or forged) alloys should be different.Microgalvanic corrosion between the second phases and the Mg matrix is one of the most significant types of corrosion in Mg alloys. [21][22][23] In our previous work, we found that microgalvanic corrosion of cast EW75 differs from that of other Mg alloy systems. 24 The second phases in cast EW75 consisting of Mg and REs are more active than the Mg matrix, and they preferentially dissolve in microgalvanic corrosion. Moreover, REs that are bound in the second phases contribute to the construction of the initial surface film. A surface film containing REs is reportedly more protective. [25][26][27] Moreover, it was found that grain size influences the corrosion resistance little, which can be attributed to the good electrochemical uniformity of grain boundaries in comparison with the existence of second phases. The above analysis suggests that the microgalvanic corrosion between the second phases and the Mg matrix is very important to the corrosion mechanism and corrosion resistance of Mg-RE alloys. Therefore, if this type of corrosion were changed by the deformation process, the corrosion mechanism and corrosion resistance of Mg-RE alloys would differ greatly.The aim of this work is to investigate the corrosion behaviors of cast and extruded EW75 Mg alloys and clarify the effect of extrusion deformation on the corrosion resistance. ExperimentalCast and extruded EW75 (Gd: 7.04 wt%, Y: 4.53 wt%, Nd: 1...

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“…The amplitude f on any pair of spatial coordinates ( x, y ) is called the gray or intensity of the point image. When the coordinates ( x, y ) and the amplitude f are discrete and finite values, the image is called a digital image (Zhang and Wang, 2012). Formula 6 is a matrix representation of M × N × n image…”

Section: Realization Of Crack Detection Based On Image Processing Tecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the artificial mark image and its matrix are shown in Figure 5. The MATLAB find function can be used to obtain the L ( x, y ) = 1 region element coordinate row value p and the column value q , which make the matrix E = [ p, q ]; Max and min functions and index methods of MATLAB are used to calculate the four corner coordinates of the first artificial mark (Zhang and Wang, 2012). This article only takes the A point coordinate calculation as an example.…”

Section: Realization Of Crack Detection Based On Image Processing Tecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of building cracks based on image processing technology with double square artificial marks

Yang

2018

Advances in Structural Engineering

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In order to measure the crack width of dangerous buildings quickly and accurately, this article presents a new crack width measurement method, which is based on image processing technology, using double square artificial markers to identify building cracks and calculate crack width. It makes two 10 mm × 10 mm black square artificial marks and places them near the sides of the crack. Then it uses a camera to collect crack images and transfer photos to a computer. The crack image is subjected to image graying, binarization, denoising, image segmentation, and pixel calibration based on the image processing technique. Finally, the actual length value of the unit pixel is calculated. Then it can calculate the actual width of the crack according to the number of pixels included in the test crack. The calculation results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is 98.56% compared with the measured data. The calculation method can accurately and effectively detect the crack width of dangerous buildings and improve work efficiency. At the same time, it can avoid long hours of work in dangerous operating environments.

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The Integration of Technology and the Publishing Industry in China

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Digital Gene Expression Analysis Provides Insight into the Transcript Profile of the Genes Involved in Aporphine Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Digital Gene Expression Analysis Provides Insight into the Transcript Profile of the Genes Involved in Aporphine Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Different Microgalvanic Corrosion Behavior of Cast and Extruded EW75 Mg Alloys

Rapid detection of building cracks based on image processing technology with double square artificial marks

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