The Intellectual and Social Status of Children of Mental Defectives

Brandon, Marianne

doi:10.1192/bjp.103.433.725

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Where global judgements of parenting quality have been employed, insufficient information about the basis on which such judgements were made has been provided (e.g. Brandon, 1957;Floor, Baxter, Rosen & Zisfein, 1975;Shaw & Wright, 1960).…”

Section: Definitions Of Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mickelson (1947Mickelson ( , 1949 found only 26% of a sample of 90 families were providing "unsatisfactory" physical care or poor supervision. Similarly, Brandon (1957) reported that 80% of 20 ex-institutional women were providing "adequate care" to their offspring. What constitutes "adequate care" was not specified, although it was judged to be of the same standard as that prevailing in the local community.…”

Section: Global Assessments Of Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other factors include sample selection procedures and heterogenity of subjects. For example, some were designated as mentally retarded by virtue of previous residence within an institution (Brandon, 1957;Berry & Shapiro, 1975;Mattinson, 1973;Mickelson, 1947Mickelson, , 1949).…”

Section: Global Assessments Of Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parenting Provided by Adults with Mental Retardation

Dowdney

Skuse²

1993

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Studies assessing the quality of parenting provided by adults with mental retardation present conflicting conclusions. Some consider the majority to be doing reasonably well, whilst others report frequently unsatisfactory caretaking. There are a number of reasons for such different views. First, inconsistent selection criteria make it hard to compare across studies. In particular, sample composition will be influenced by the recruitment source. For example, if parents have been chosen from voluntary educational programmes a rather different picture is likely to be found than if they have been selected from individuals known to, or referred by, statutory agencies. On the whole, authors working with subjects from the former source have been rather more optimistic than those working with parents referred because there were already serious concerns about parenting difficulties or about delayed child development. Secondly, the majority of studies have used poorly defined global measures of parenting, with variable criteria of what constitutes adequate care. Some have concentrated on physical care and hygiene, whilst others have looked for the presence of affection and warmth. A child's reception into care as the sole measure of the quality of parenting is an unsatisfactory criterion because parental retardation has itself occasionally been used as the basis for removal of a child into care, even in the absence of other evidence of neglect or abuse. Thirdly, methodological flaws are found in studies that have used observational assessments of parenting. Such studies have suggested mothers with mental retardation tend to lack interactive skills (such as high levels of praise and imitation, and low restrictiveness) which are known to be associated with optimal child development. Control groups have often not been matched on social and other variables which might be expected to exert a significant influence upon parenting practices. In addition, the generalisability of these observational studies is open to question as parenting style has been adduced from brief play sessions, lasting at the most 10 minutes. The extent to which mothers with mental retardation play spontaneously with their children at home in a stimulating and age-appropriate fashion has not been measured. With regard to the evidence on abuse and neglect, questions have been raised about whether the children of parents with mental retardation are at increased risk. This problem has rarely been addressed in a methodologically satisfactory way. First, most studies have drawn their samples from referrals to medical or psychiatric departments. Secondly, as indicated earlier, reception into care cannot by itself be taken to be an indicator of child abuse.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Definitions Of Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Assessments Of Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parenting Provided by Adults with Mental Retardation

Dowdney

Skuse²

1993

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…Pre-1980s research discredited the earlier eugenic fear that if people labelled with intellectual disability were allowed to 'breed', they would infect the human gene pool by reproducing 'imbeciles' in untold numbers. Research findings demonstrated that people labelled with intellectual typically do not produce a higher than average number of children and that, on average, their children have significantly higher IQs and most have IQs above 70 (and within one standard deviation of the mean) (Penrose 1938;Mickelson 1947;Brandon 1957;Shaw & Wright 1960;Reed & Reed 1965;Laxova et al 1973;Scally 1973). Brandon (1957) assessed the intellectual status of 108 children of 73 'certified mental defectives' mothers (mean IQ73.5) who were former patients at the Fountain Hospital in London, UK.…”

Section: Outcomes For Children Of Parents Labelled With Intellectual mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents labelled with Intellectual Disability: Position of the IASSID SIRG on Parents and Parenting with Intellectual Disabilities

2008

Research Intellect Disabil

131

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Background On August 5th, 2006, the third meeting of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities (IASSID) Special Interest Research Group (SIRG) on Parents and Parenting with Intellectual Disabilities was convened in Maastricht, The Netherlands, coinciding with the 2nd International Congress of IASSID‐Europe. The SIRG Parents and Parenting with Intellectual Disabilities membership includes scholars from a number of countries including the United States, Canada, England, Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. These scholars come from a range of academic and professional disciplines, including sociology, psychology, education, nursing, social work and occupational therapy. Method This position paper developed by the Parenting SIRG brings into sharp relief the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities adopted by the General Assembly in December 2006. The convention affirms the right of persons with disabilities to marry and found a family (Article 23, (1)(a)). Further, states parties are bound to ‘take effective action and appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against persons with disabilities in all matters relating to marriage, family, parenthood and relationships…’ (Article 23 (1)), and ‘…render appropriate assistance to persons with disabilities in the performance of their child‐rearing responsibilities’ (Article 23 (2)). Results This position paper synthesizes messages from research about the challenges that parents labelled with intellectual disability face, and how they can be assisted in their parenting role.

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“…There was little evidence that the retarded parents were incapable of providing the love and affection, the first of the aspects of parenting regarded as essential by the courts. Hertz quotes the British study by Brandon (1957) of the children in the Fountain Hospital as additional evidence for this point, and for the second point-that mentally retarded people can acquire housekeeping skills. An even earlier study (Mickelson, 1947), is used to disprove that the physical care of children cannot be entrusted to the mentally retarded.…”

Section: Studies Of the Children Of People Labelled As Mentally Retardedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentally Handicapped People as Parents

Gath

1988

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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The Intellectual and Social Status of Children of Mental Defectives

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Parenting Provided by Adults with Mental Retardation

Parenting Provided by Adults with Mental Retardation

Parents labelled with Intellectual Disability: Position of the IASSID SIRG on Parents and Parenting with Intellectual Disabilities

Mentally Handicapped People as Parents

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