The Interaction Between Exercise, Appetite, and Food Intake

King, Neil; Horner, Katy; Hills, Andrew P.; Byrne, Nuala M.; Wood, Rachel E.; Bryant, Eleanor; Caudwell, Phillipa; Finlayson, Graham; Gibbons, Catherine; Hopkins, Mark; Martins, Cátia; Blundell, John

doi:10.1177/1559827613475584

Cited by 3 publications

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References 126 publications

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“…It is possible the influence of these factors may differ in athletes as a result of physiological and psychological adaptations that include an increased sensitivity to satiety signals and/or an improved ability to regulate energy balance [98][99][100].…”

Section: Fat-free Mass Resting Metabolic Rate and Hungermentioning

confidence: 98%

A Review of Factors Influencing Athletes’ Food Choices

2015

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Athletes make food choices on a daily basis that can affect both health and performance. A well planned nutrition strategy that includes the careful timing and selection of appropriate foods and fluids helps to maximize training adaptations and, thus, should be an integral part of the athlete's training programme. Factors that motivate food selection include taste, convenience, nutrition knowledge and beliefs. Food choice is also influenced by physiological, social, psychological and economic factors and varies both within and between individuals and populations. This review highlights the multidimensional nature of food choice and the depth of previous research investigating eating behaviours. Despite numerous studies with general populations, little exploration has been carried out with athletes, yet the energy demands of sport typically require individuals to make more frequent and/or appropriate food choices. While factors that are important to general populations also apply to athletes, it seems likely, given the competitive demands of sport, that performance would be an important factor influencing food choice. It is unclear if athletes place the same degree of importance on these factors or how food choice is influenced by involvement in sport. There is a clear need for further research exploring the food choice motives of athletes, preferably in conjunction with research investigating dietary intake to establish if intent translates into practice.

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Section: Fat-free Mass Resting Metabolic Rate and Hungermentioning

confidence: 98%

A Review of Factors Influencing Athletes’ Food Choices

2015

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Long-term aerobic and combined exercises enhance the satiety response and modulate the energy intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): A randomized controlled trial

Vidanage

Wasalathanthri

Hettiarachchi

2023

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background Energy homeostasis plays a vital role in achieving glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exercise is known to increase energy expenditure. However, its role in energy intake has not been explored in people with T2DM. Thus, this study aimed at determining the impact of long-term aerobic and combined exercises in modulating hunger, satiety and energy intake in T2DM. Methods A randomized controlled trial, with 108 people with T2DM, aged 35–60 years were assigned into an aerobic, combined (aerobic and resistance) and a control group. Primary outcomes were subjective levels of hunger and satiety measured by a 100 mm visual analogue scale in relation to a standard breakfast meal (453 kcal) and energy and macronutrient intake determined by a 3-day diet diary at 0, 3 and 6 months. Results Aerobic and combined groups exhibited reduced hunger and increased satiety at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). The combined group demonstrated a profound increase in satiety at 3 and 6 months compared to aerobics (3 months; p = 0.008, 6 months; p = 0.002) and controls (3 months; p = 0.006, 6 months, p = 0.014). Mean daily energy intake was reduced only at 6 months in the aerobic group (p = 0.012), whereas it was reduced in the combined group at 3 and at 6 months compared to controls (3 months: p = 0.026, 6 months: p = 0.022). Conclusions Long-term aerobic and combined exercises produced a reduction in hunger, energy intake and increase satiety in people with T2DM. Despite energy expenditure, exercise seems to play a significant role in reducing energy intake as well. Combined exercises show more advantages over aerobic exercise since combined exercises have a greater impact on satiety and energy intake in people with T2DM. Trial registration number: SLCTR/2015/029, https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2015-029.

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