The interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system: from development to diseases

Abstract

The crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the “brain-oral axis”. A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases.

Identification of symptom clusters and sentinel symptoms during the first cycle of chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer

“…Due to the uncertainties surrounding cancer and its treatment, patients often engage in contemplation about their future and its potential impact on their family, thus triggering an initial sense of sadness. These emotional reactions can impact hormone levels and immune system functioning, resulting in reduced saliva production and heightened perceptions of numbness and pain [ 40 , 41 ]. Therefore, it is imperative for healthcare providers to promptly recognize the sadness of patients, provide them with adequate emotional support, and collaborate with their families to effectively assist them in navigating both the emotional and physical challenges they may face.…”

Synchronous Muscle Synergy Evaluation of Jaw Muscle Activities during Chewing at Different Speeds, a Preliminary Study

“…All participants with approximately natural dentitions greater than 24 were free from hypo- or hypersalivation while chewing gum, which causes additional muscle contractions [ 12 , 41 ]. Furthermore, the participants could provide the relative ability to chew gum with both sides according to the teeth’ health status and follow the chew rhythm required by the protocol.…”

“…According to numerous studies, the stomatognathic system may be hampered by age, gender, and some systemic conditions, including postural abnormalities, diabetes, osteoporosis, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders, dietary alterations, or stroke [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. However, several studies, such as [ 10 , 12 ], focused on connecting the central nervous system (CNS) and the stomatognathic system. Therefore, the connection between chewing, the primary function of the stomatognathic system, and CNS function is significant in this context.…”

Recent progress in alleviating orthodontic discomfort: Mechanism and management-the state of evidence

“…Between 72% and 100% of individuals encounter discomfort, compression, and strain in their teeth when undergoing orthodontic treatment. 4 The application of orthodontic force stimulates sensory receptors in the tissues surrounding the teeth, leading to a series of pain processing and transmission in the peripheral and central nervous systems that orthodontic patients perceive. Various orthodontic procedures, such as the placement of separators, initial wire engagement, banding, elastics, rapid maxillary expansion, and debonding, typically induce pain.…”