The Interaction of Light and Temperature in Determining the Growth Rate of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium Subterraneum l.)

Black, J. N.

doi:10.1071/bi9550330

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…N AR values in the growth-room experiments under high and low temperatures ranged from 0.12 to 0.58 g/dm 2 /wk whereas those of the semi-natural experiment ranged from 0.15 to 0.43 g/dm 2 /wk. These N AR values are similar to those of 'other herbaceous plants (Heath and Gregory 1938, Blackman and Rutter 1947, Black 1955, and Watson, Thorne and French 1958.…”

Section: Effects Of Light Intensitysupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Growth of Scrophularia Marilandica

Cline¹

1966

Ecology

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The effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth of Scrophularia marilandica L. were studies under artificial, semi—natural, and natural environmental conditions. The plants in the controlled environment rooms were grown under 10 different combinations of temperature (48°/58°—63°/73°F) and light intensity (24—123 cal/cm2/day). The plants in the semi—natural experiment were grown outdoors on prepared plots representing seven levels of average radiation ranging from 20.4 to 405.7 cal/cm2/day. Net assimilation rate (NAR) was proportional to light intensity up to 123 cal/cm2/day in the growth rooms. In the semi—natural studies, it was proportional up to 150 cal/cm2/day and from this point up to 300 cal/cm2/day, NAR increased but not proportionally. Above 300 cal/cm2/day NAR was independent of solar radiation. Under controlled conditions NAR decreased slightly with age at the highest light levels. The length of the vegetative phase, the specific leaf area, and the leaf—area ratio were sharply decreased at higher light intensities. The dry weight of all plant organs was augmented by high light intensities. Roots and axillary shoots were especially sensitive. In the growth—room experiments, temperature effects were more pronounced than were light effects. Stem elongation was completely inhibited at temperature regimes below 63°/73°F, and leaf expansion was markedly diminished below 57°/68°F. Consequently the shoot developed a rosette habit and flowering was inhibited. Decreases in temperature to 48°/58°F had little effect of root growth. The net effect of low temperatures was to depress the shoot—root ratio. However, NAR was increased by a reduction in temperature from 63°/73° to 48°/58° at all intensities. The shoot—root ratio of shaded plants was increased to a greater extent by a rise in temperature than was that of the unshaded plants. Regardless of light level, plants at 48°/58°F consistently had a smaller shoot—root ratio than did those at 63°/73°F. Inhibition of stem elongation and subsequent rosette development at low temperatures were not affected by changes in light intensity. The usual development of greater leaf areas by plants growing under lower light intensities was partially reversed at low temperatures. In early spring shoots of native Scrophularia marilandica sprouted from crown buds attached to perennial roots. The timing differential between leaf expansion in April and shoot elongation in May appears to be a temperature—photoperiod interaction. In early spring and autumn cool temperatures which repressed shoot growth had little effect on root growth. Roots increased greatly in size through late summer into early autumn.

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Section: Effects Of Light Intensitysupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Growth of Scrophularia Marilandica

Cline¹

1966

Ecology

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“…The importance of light as a major controlling factor in the growth of pasture species in the field has been stressed by many workers (Thomas and Hill 1949;Blackman and Wilson 1951;Black 1955;Donald 1956). The results presented here, together with those obtained from a previous study (Brougham 1956a), support this view and show that for rnaxirnrnn productivity per unit area of pasture, it is essential that all light is utilized by photosynthetic tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interception of light by the foliage of pure and mixed stands of pasture plants

Brougham¹

1958

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

194

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“…On the basis of multiple regressions over a period of 52 weeks, Black (1955) found no effect of temperature on the relative growth rate of subterranean clover (cv. Bacchus Marsh).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature On Growth and Nutrient Uptake In Subterranean Clover During Recovery From Phosphorus Stress

Bouma¹,

Dowling²

1969

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryDuring a pretreatment period of 18 days, subterranean clover plants (Trifolium subterraneum L., cv. Mt. Barker) were grown at a deficient and an optimum phos· phorus supply in three temperature regimes (27°C dayj22°C night, 21jI6°C, 15jlOOC). They were then transferred to full solutions (optimum phosphorus) and plants from each pretreatment grown for a further 7 days in each of the three temperature regimes.Shoot dry weights and leaf areas at the end of pretreatment were greater the higher the temperature. However, the plants grown with a deficient phosphorus supply showed a smaller temperature response than the non·deficient control plants, suggesting an increase in phosphorus requirements at higher temperatures.Over the subsequent 7 days the relative growth rate of the previously deficient plants was smaller, and differed more from that of the non-deficient plants, the higher the temperature during pretreatment. Relative rates of leaf expansion over the same period were not influenced by differences in the phosphorus status at the beginning.For both phosphorus pretreatments the relative rates of increase in dry weight and in leaf area were smallest at the lowest temperature. Most of the effects of temperature and phosphorus nutrition on relative growth rates were reflected in similar, though somewhat smaller, effects on net assimilation rates.The distribution of dry matter to the roots was restricted after transfer of non-deficient plants from the highest to the lowest temperature and this was accompanied by a considerable accumulation of dry matter per unit leaf area. This did not occur in the plants recovering from phosphorus stress and the proportion of dry matter distributed to the roots was greater than in the non-deficient plants.It was concluded that differences in yield between levels of phosphorus supply, as well as growth responses after removal of a phosphorus stress, may be expected to decrease with a decrease in temperature.

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The Interaction of Light and Temperature in Determining the Growth Rate of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium Subterraneum l.)

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Growth of Scrophularia Marilandica

Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Growth of Scrophularia Marilandica

Interception of light by the foliage of pure and mixed stands of pasture plants

Effects of Temperature On Growth and Nutrient Uptake In Subterranean Clover During Recovery From Phosphorus Stress

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